【作者】 查锋；

【导师】 李淑霞；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学 ， 油气田开发工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 我国大部分注水开发油田已处于开发后期,油井含水高达90%以上。由于注入水的长期冲刷,油藏注采井间形成了优势通道,使得注入水在注水井和生产井之间短路流动,造成注水低效、甚至无效循环,大大降低了注入水的波及效率。要想开展措施来提高注入流体的波及效率,实现提高油田采收率的目的,认识油藏的非均质性就变得极为重要。示踪剂测试技术便是一种认识油藏非均质性的技术。本文在总结现有示踪剂产出曲线解释方法的基础上,提出了井组示踪剂产出曲线的解释方法:井组示踪剂产出曲线的综合解释法和耦合解释法。前者建立以一口注入井对应多井多条产出曲线的组合数学模型,并利用遗传算法进行了求解,同时得到一个井组内各井高渗透层的渗透率、厚度、孔道半径等参数,避免了以往求解时参数不协调以及利用最小二乘法求偏导数困难的问题;后者改进了示踪剂产出曲线的数值解释法,假设整个油藏由常规储层和由于注水开发形成的高渗透条带两种介质组成,利用数学统计方法随机生成注采井间的高渗透条带,分别对两种介质建立数学模型,将求得的两浓度耦合得到生产井示踪剂的产出浓度,利用遗传算法求解,可得到高渗透条带的渗透率、厚度等参数,以及常规储层内的压力、饱和度分布,避免了常规数值模拟繁琐的调参过程。在以上理论的基础上,研制了井组示踪剂产出曲线的综合解释和耦合解释软件,并利用该软件对实际井组的示踪剂产出曲线进行了解释分析,两种方法得到的结果基本一致,可以相互验证和补充。更多还原

【Abstract】 Most of the water-flood reservoirs have been in the late development stage, of which the water cut is more than 90%. Dominant channels may formulate after long-term water flooding, which will contribute to the inefficiency of injected water circulation and lower sweep efficiency, so that the utilization of the injected water is seriously affected. To achieve the ultimate objective of improving oil recovery by carrying out measures which will advance the sweep efficiency of injected fluid, it has become extremely important to identify the heterogeneity of reservoirs. As one of the most common methods used in oil fields, tracer testing technology has played a more and more important role in characterizing reservoir heterogeneity.Based on the description of the existing interpretation methods of tracer production curves, the well group tracer production curve interpretation methods are established in this paper: combination interpretation model and allegiance interpretation method for well-group tracer production curves. A combination mathematical model, one injection well is related to multiple wells and production curves, is established in the former. As it is disharmonious for the parameters and difficult to obtain partial derivative by last square fitting method, genetic algorithm is used to match the production curves to avoid this intricate problem. And parameters of dominant channels can be got for every well at the same time. The numerical methord for tracer production curve is improved in the latter. The reservoir is assumed to be composed of two media: the normal formation and the high permeability zone which is formed for the water injection. High permeability zones are generated randomly between the injector and the producer by statistical methods. Two mathematical models are established and solved for the two formations, respectively. The tracer concentration of production well is obtained by weighting the two concentrations according to water production. The cumbersome process of parameter adjustment is eliminated by genetic algorithm. The parameters like permeability, thickness of dominant channels and the distribution of pressure and saturattion can be obtained.Based on these theories, the well group tracer production curve interpretation program is developed, which is used to explain a well group tracer production curve.更多还原