【作者】 王卫；

【导师】 陈健飞；

【作者基本信息】 广州大学 ， 自然地理学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 土地利用/土地覆盖变化当前依然是资源与环境领域最受关注的热门课题之一,利用遥感影像对区域土地利用/土地覆盖时空变化进行分析,是常用研究手段之一。近20多年来珠三角地区经济发展迅速,土地利用的矛盾也在加剧,珠三角的核心区与外缘区在土地利用结构及其变化等方面均有差异,对其区域内部差异的系统化和定量化研究,将有助于为实现珠三角地区新时期发展规划提供资源保障。本研究通过解译1990年、1999年和2008年的遥感影像提取土地利用变化信息,运用土地利用变化率、土地利用动态模型和土地利用双向动态模型,构建可参比的指标体系,首次统一尺度、定量地对珠三角地区近20年来土地利用变化做系统分析,并对其核心区与外缘区的土地利用变化进行对比分析,结果表明:1. 2008年珠三角地区的土地利用类型按比重大小依次为林地、耕地、城镇及农村居民点、水域、工矿仓储用地、果园、基塘、其他土地、交通运输用地和草地。2.近20年来珠三角地区土地利用变化剧烈,除林地面积变幅不大外,其他各地类均有较大幅度变化,居民点及其他建设用地增长了3倍多,基塘面积萎缩将近一半;主要地类间相互转化的比例不尽相同,居民点及其他建设用地是所有土地利用类型中变化最为剧烈的一类,耕地、基塘次之。3.由于自然条件、区位条件、经济阶段、产业结构等因素的影响,在土地利用结构上,核心区与外缘区存在明显的差异。在现状结构上,核心区林地、耕地和建设用地面积比为3:1:4,外缘区林地、耕地和建设用地面积比为6:1:2;而在18年前的1990年,核心区林地林地、耕地和建设用地面积比5:4:1,外缘区林地、耕地和建设用地面积比为18:7:1。4.近20年,珠三角核心区与外缘区的耕地均减少,但后期减幅趋缓;建设用地中,均增加的是居民点及其他建设用地,增幅持续加大,核心区主要来自建设用地的内部结构调整,而外缘区主要是靠对耕地、其他土地的挤占。5.利用遥感影像进行较大范围土地利用信息的计算机解译时,采用最大似然比分类方法是一种快速、简单、易操作的方法;此外,通过提取遥感影像的多源信息,可提高遥感影像的分类精度。珠三角核心区与外缘区在自然条件,经济水平和产业结构上均有较大差异,导致其在土地利用结构、土地利用变化和土地利用效率上的显著差异。随着新一轮珠三角规划纲要的实施,“双转移”战略的推进,外缘区作为核心区产业布局调整和转移的承接区,在土地利用结构、土地利用效率的空间格局即将发生新的变化,需要进行优化调整和科学配置。本研究的后续工作将关注区域土地资源利用与经济、社会发展的关系,进而为自然资源可持续利用和区域科学发展提供科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Land use/land cover change is still one of the most topic issues that concerned in the resources and environment field. Using remote sensing images to analyze the temporal and spatial change of regional land use/land cover, is a common way to research. In the past 20 years, with the rapid economic development of Pearl River Delta, the contradiction in land use intensified. There are differences between core area and fringe area in land use structure and change.?The systematic and quantitative analysis in the internal differences helps to provide resources guarantee to achieve the Pearl River Delta development planning.This article extracted the land use change information through the interpretation of remote sensing images in 1990, 1999 and 2008.Using the rate of land use change, the dynamic model and the two-way dynamic model of land use to construct the comparable index system. It is the first time that analyzed quantitatively the land use change of Pearl River Delta in a uniform scale in the nearly recent 20 years. The land use change between core area and fringe area has analyzed comparatively .The results indicated:1. According to the proportion in sequence of land use types of Pearl River Delta in 2008, the result was forest, cultivated land, towns and rural settlements, water, mining warehousing land, orchard, pond, other land, transportation and grassland.2. In the recent 20 years, the land use of Pearl River Delta has changed drastically, all kinds of types have varied significantly expect for the forest, Residential and other built-up land increased by 3 times, the pond reduced nearly a half. But the ratio of transformation was different. Residential and other built-up land were the most dramatic change in all land use types. The cultivated land and pond followed.3. Owing to the influence of natural condition, geographic condition, economic stage, industrial structure and other factors, the land use structure had apparent differences between core area and fringe area. The area ratio of forest, cultivated land, built-up land is 3:1:4 in the core area at present, the ratio is 6:1:2 in the fringe area. But the ratio in 1990 is 5:4:1 in the core area, and 18:7:1 in the fringe area.4. The cultivated land in core area and fringe area both reduced, but the rate of decrease in the late period is slower. Residential and other built-up land both increased, and the trend continued to growth. The increase in core area was mainly from the internal restructuring of built-up land, in fringe area mainly depended on the occupation of cultivated land and other land.5. When interpret a large scale of remote sensing images, maximum likelihood classification is a fast, simple and easy way to operate. By extracting multi-source information through remote sensing images, improves the classification accuracy of remote sensing images. There are large differences in natural conditions, economic levels and industrial structure between core area and fringe area of Pearl River Delta, which made differences in land-use structure, land-use change and land-use efficiency. But with the implementation of the Pearl River Delta Planning and double-transfer strategy, fringe area as industrial layout adjustment and transfer of undertaking area of core area, new changes in the land use structure and efficiency will occur, which need optimal adjustment and scientific configuration. The following study will focus on land resource use and the relationship with economic and social development, which provides a scientific basis on sustainable use of natural resources and regional scientific development.更多还原