【作者】 李松恩；

【导师】 王勇；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 磁悬浮的作用是利用电磁力克服物体的重力,使物体沿着或绕着某一基准框架的一轴或几轴保持固定位置不变,悬浮体和支撑之间没有任何接触。因而克服了由摩擦带来的能量消耗和速度限制,系统具有无磨损、无需润滑、无污染、无噪声、寿命长以及安全可靠等一系列优点。建立在麦克斯韦方程基础上的磁力机械设计理论和方法已有很好的应用。磁悬浮系统的设计涉及到电磁场理论、结构力学、电力电子技术、自动控制原理、传感器及检测技术等,本文通过对电磁悬浮系统性能特点的研究,分析其各组成模块——励磁系统、功率放大系统、传感器系统和控制器的设计方法和特点。随后,以一个单自由度磁悬浮球系统为例,在建立其数学模型的基础上,以模块化设计为原则,采用数字化设计方法,完成了磁场构建、控制系统设计并制作了实验模型。论文以制作的单自由度磁悬浮球系统为平台,完成了励磁系统吸力特性以及传感器系统磁场分布等参数测试实验。对力特性的测试实验结果进行分析,得出了励磁系统吸力-电流特性和吸力-位移特性。对传感器系统磁场分布的数据分析,找出了传感器最佳安装位置。最后根据磁悬浮控制系统的特点,基于PID控制方式,编制了控制程序并采用实验跟踪测试结果的参数整定方法,实现了单自由度目标物体的稳定悬浮。更多还原

【Abstract】 The role of Maglev system is to use of electromagnetic force to overcome the object’s gravity,and the object maintain a fixed position along or around one or few axis of a reference framework with no contact between the suspension and the support. Thus overcoming the energy consumption and speed limits caused by friction, the system has a series of merits such as no wear, without lubrication ,no pollution, no noise, long life as well as be safe and reliable and so on, received attention at home and abroad. Based on the theory of Maxwell’s equations , the design and experimental methods have a very good application.Maglev system design involves electromagnetic theory, structural mechanics, power electronics, control theory, sensors and detection technologies, Through the research of performance characteristics of maglev system, the dissertation analyzes the design methods and characteristics of its whole modules—excitation system ,power amplifier system ,sensor system and the regulator . Then the dissertation takes a single degree of freedom maglev sphere system for example , on the basis of the foundation of its mathematic model , based on the principle of modular design and digital design, the paper establishes its experimental circuit and the physical model.After the completeness of the model , on the foundation of the electromagnetic theory , the dissertation establishes the suction characteristics of its excitation system as well as the magnetic field distribution testing equipment of the sensor system .Then we make the analysis of the force characteristics of the testing results , obtain the suction-current characteristics as well as the suction-displacement characteristics of the excitation system .Afterwards we carry on the analysis of the magnetic field distribution data of the sensor system , find out the best laying position of the sensor system. Combining with the characteristics of the maglev control system , we take PID control mode which parameters are captured through the critical proportion law, namely through designing the whole model experimental programme , tracking the testing results , and finally realize the stable suspension of objection.更多还原