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Ku波段卫星电视微带天线阵的研究
A Study on Satellite Television Microstrip Array Antenna in Ku-band
【作者】 常宏铭；
【导师】 车仁信；
【作者基本信息】 大连交通大学 ， 交通信息工程及控制， 2010， 硕士
【摘要】 近些年来,Ku频段直播卫星电视技术得到了快速发展,微带天线以它固有的优点获得了人们广泛的关注。本文主要针对应用于“中星9号”广播电视直播卫星接收天线的要求,运用时域有限差分法进行数值计算,结合微带贴片单元天线对Ku波段卫星直播微带天线阵的性能进行研究。依照《中华人民共和国国家标准Ku频段卫星电视地球接收站通用规范GB/T16954-1997》的要求,设计出四种新型圆形圆极化微带天线单元,通过比较分析并考虑到工程设计的需要,选择双槽孔圆形圆极化微带天线作为天线阵的单元,设计出40元圆极化微带天线阵。这种阵元的设计使用圆形微带天线单元,并引入两个矩形槽孔,以此展宽频带和提高轴比。天线阵采用了串并混馈的馈电模式,大大减小了馈电网络的规模,降低了网络损耗。通过优化设计方案进一步改善天线阵性能。仿真结果显示,天线工作频段为11.1GHz～12.5GHz,主方向上最大增益值达到26.5dB,波瓣宽度约为10度,第一副瓣增益为5.5dB,轴比A/R≤3dB频率范围为11.75GHz～12.2GHz。在此基础上,分析了影响天线阵性能的主要因素,并提出解决方案。整个过程设计简单合理,易于加工实现,性能指标完全满足设计要求。
【Abstract】 With the development of DBS (direct broadcast satellite) TV technology, microstrip antenna has been taken seriously recent years owing to its inherent merits.This paper based on the requirements of“Chinasat 9”DBS receive antenna, used FDTD (finite-difference time-domain) numerical calculation method, and researched microstrip antenna array of Ku band combined with antenna elements. According to the People’s Republic of China national standard Ku band satellite earth station general specification GB/T16954-1997, four novel circular circularly polarized microstrip antenna elements were designed. Through performance comparison and considered the needs of practical engineering, a microstrip antenna array of 40 circular circularly polarized elements with two rectangular slots was presented. This novel patch can afford wide impedance bandwidth and high AR (axial ratio). The key feature of the feed network was the mixed feed mode in order to reduce the size and loss of feed network. Finally the performance of array was improved by further optimizing the design. Above this, factors impacted on antenna array performance were analyzed, and propose the solutions. Simulation results show that the operating frequency range of antenna array is 11.1GHz～12.5GHz, maximum gain is 26.5dB at principle direction, lobe width is about10 degrees, the first sidelobe level is 6.5dB, and AR≤3dB in the frequency range of 11.75GHz～12.2GHz. The whole design is simple, reasonable and easy to manufacture. The performance of designed array reaches the designing requirements absolutely.