紧凑型MIMO天线的研究与设计

【作者】 胡沙；

【导师】 潘锦；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 电磁场与微波技术， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 如何在恶劣的信道环境和在有限的带宽内提高传输速率和质量一直是无线通信的研究重点。MIMO(多输入/多输出)技术,即在无线通信系统的发射端和接收端使用多个天线或者阵列来进行信息的传输,已经成为无线信道上提高数据传输率和质量的最有效途径。它的一个主要优点是信道容量的本质提高,从而直接转化为高的数据吞吐量,另外一个好处是在不增加带宽或提高发射功率的前提下,显著提高了数据传输的可靠性。MIMO技术作为现代通信系统中的重要技术,天线作为系统的前端,故对其结构、尺寸、布局方式和极化特性等提出了更为严格的要求。因此,本文的主要工作是基于无线通信系统对于多天线的特殊要求,研制满足无线路由器和WiMAX系统户外单元指标的两类MIMO天线。本文的主要贡献和创新点总结如下:(1)分析比较传统的鞭状天线和微带偶极天线的优缺点,提出了一种适用于无线路由的空间分集3×3 MIMO阵列天线的设计方案,分别对天线单元,馈电网络和阵列进行优化设计,各项性能满足指标要求,并应用于Orinda USO-753型号的无线路由器。(2)结合WiMAX系统对MIMO天线的指标要求,在分析总结各种方案的基础上,提出了一种紧凑型双极化的单元天线形式,实现了带宽和高隔离度。(3)基于这种新型的单元天线,设计了一分四的馈电网络,实现了2.3GHz-2.7GHz的极化分集2×2 MIMO阵列天线,并扩展设计了一分九的馈电网络,实现了3.3GHz-3.8GHz的极化分集2×2 MIMO阵列天线。通过实验测试,所设计的两款极化分集MIMO天线在宽带的基础上,实现了结构紧凑和较高的端口隔离度。更多还原

【Abstract】 How to improve transmission rate and quality in bad signal channel environment and limited bandwidth has been a focus of research in wireless communication. And the MIMO (multiple input / multiple output) technology, which uses multiple antennas or antenna arrays to carry out information transmission in the transmitters and receivers of wireless communication systems, has become the most effective way to improve data transfer rate and quality. One of its main advantages is that the capacity is tremendously increased, which means direct realization of higher data throughput, while another advantage is that it significantly enhanced the reliability of data transmission without increasing the available bandwidth or transmission power. MIMO technology, as an important communication technology, makes stringent requirements of antenna design including the antenna structure, size, layout, polarization properties and so on.The main task of this article is to develop two series of MIMO antenna array for wireless router and WiMAX applications based on the special requirements of multi-antenna wireless communication system.The main contribution and innovation of this dissertation are summarized as follow:(1) Analysis and comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of microstrip antennas and monopole antennas is proposed, and then a 3×3 MIMO antenna is given for applications in wireless routers. The antenna unit, feed networks and antennas are optimized respectively.The designed spatial diverdity 3×3 MIMO multi-antenna meets the performance, and has been used in Orinda USO-753 models of wireless router.(2) A compact dual-polarized antenna element is given for MIMO antenna in a WiMAX application. The given design satisfied the demands of compactness, large bandwidth, high gain and high port isolation.(3) Based on this new type of antenna unit, a one-to-four microstrip line feed network is designed to achieve the 2×2 MIMO antenna for 2.3-2.7GHz utility. And the one-to-four microstrip line feed network is extended to a one-to-nine feed network to achieve a 3.3-3.8 GHz 2×2 MIMO antenna. Through experimental tests, the compact polarization diversity MIMO microstrip patch antenna Arrays meet the design requirements. The exeperimental results of the designed two polarization diversity MIMO antenna show broadband, compact structure and high port isolation.更多还原