【作者】 李静；

【导师】 程小华；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 电机与电器， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 永磁同步电动机具有结构简单、体积小、重量轻、效率高、功率因数高等优点。从70年代末开始,受到电机研究人员的广泛重视。经过努力,其硬件设计和控制方式在近二十年内得到了大力发展,商用化的产品也己经进入到工业生产应用等各个领域。可以预见,随着永磁材料价格和电动机制造价格的降低,电力电子器件及高速微处理器的开发,驱动系统理论研究和实践应用的不断完善和提高,永磁同步电动机及其驱动系统将会得到进一步的发展和应用,在某些场合将逐渐取代现有的普通电励磁电机及其驱动系统。我国油田采油成本高,油田抽油机电机数量多、容量大、年运行时间长、耗电量大。国内外对抽油机电机的节能都很重视,我国抽油机多采用异步电动机作为动力机,存在“大马拉小车”、功率因数偏低等缺点。新一代永磁同步电动机是目前取代传统异步电动机的最佳选择。本文主要对抽油机用永磁同步电机直接转矩控制理论、方案、具体技术实现等做了一些研究,并相应的做了仿真验证,初步验证了方案的可行性。全文所做的工作如下:1、介绍了传统抽油机的使用现状及永磁同步电机在抽油机中的应用情况。并讨论了永磁同步电机结构及其在不同坐标系下的数学模型,叙述了坐标转换的原理。2、分析了直接转矩控制的基本原理,根据抽油机用永磁同步电机的参数建立了仿真模型,并模拟抽油机系统运行工况利用MATLAB软件对永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统进行了仿真,并对仿真波形进行了比较分析。3、提出将模糊PI控制应用于抽油机用永磁同步电机的直接转矩控制系统中,采用模糊PI自适应控制器作为直接转矩控制系统的速度调节器,可以依据转速和转速误差变化实时在线调整常规PI控制器参数。较之传统的PI控制器,模糊PI自适应控制在起动阶段动态响应速度更快,过渡过程更平稳,系统速度调节的自适应能力更强。更多还原

【Abstract】 Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine(PMSM)has been more attention in the past two decades by researcher in the motor and control system fields ,because of its excellent performance for example small cubage, great power density and good efficiency. We can foresee the further development about PMSM and its control system with the reduce of the permanent magnet material’s price and producing the rotor, progress in the power electronics apparatus and high-speed processor and control theories. PMSM may take the place of excitation motor and control system in many fields.PMSM are importance approach to the problem that the cost of oil extraction in Chinese oil fields is too high and pulling small car with big horse at large in driving electromotor in pumping unit. This paper do some research on the theory, scheme and the concrete technology of PMSM DTC,do the corresponding simulation ,and proved the preliminary feasibility of the scheme.The paper do the following work:I.The paper introduces the using actuality of pumping unit and the application permanent magnet synchronous motor in pumping unit.Then discusses the configuration of permanent magnet synchronous motor and it’s mathematical model in different coordinate,and discribes the principle of coordinate transformation.II.The postulate of direct torque control is analyzed,and the simulation model is built based on the parameter of permanent magnet synchronous motor.And the paper using MATLAB do simulation to the PMSM DTC by imitate the system of pumping unit and analyse the simulation waveform.III.The paper Put forward that applies fuzzy PI control of pumping unit permanent magnet synchronous motor with direct torque control system,which Using fuzzy PI controller as the speed regulator of direct torque control system.That can real-time adjusting on-line PI controller parameters according to the error of speed and torque. Compared with the traditional PI controller, Fuzzy PI adaptive control system have faster respons speed in the start and more stable transition process .Morever,the system have stronger adaptive ability of speed regulation.更多还原