【作者】 郑宇；

【导师】 姚加飞；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着电能计量自动化的推广和大用户抄表的普及,以及全国避峰电价政策的全面推行,三相电子式多功能电能表的需求迅速上升。本课题根据电力市场的这种应用需求结合现阶段国内外多功能电能表的特点,严格参照相关国家标准,研制了一款精度较高、性能稳定、抗干扰能力强、符合新一代电力行业通信规约DL/T645-2007《多功能电能表通信协议》的电子式多功能电能表。本文首先介绍了电能表的发展历程和应用现状,以及电能表的技术发展趋势,然后对目前两种比较流行的多功能电能表设计方案进行了比较,在综合考虑性能和成本后,确定了系统的总体设计方案,即采用专用计量芯片ATT7022B加微控制器ATmega128协同设计的方案。计量芯片提供系统功能所需的各种参数,微控制器负责对参数进行处理、存储和显示。硬件电路设计根据功能把系统划分为电源单元、电能采集单元、控制单元、存储单元、时钟单元、负荷控制单元以及通信单元等,其中重点设计了电源电路和RS-485通信防雷电路。结合硬件电路设计,系统对软件部分做了整体架构。为了增强软件系统的可读性和维护性,软件编程均采用模块化的程序设计。文中通过程序流程图简要分析了系统的工作原理和软件编程要点。通过软硬件结合的调试,最终实现了电能表有功无功电能的分时计量、需量计量、电网异常监测等功能。最后对电子电能表的可靠性进行了设计研究。针对计量表计安装现场存在强电场和磁场干扰这一特点,从硬件设计和软件设计两个方面采取了有效的抗干扰措施,确保整个系统能够在现场环境中稳定工作。本课题研制的三相电子式多功能电能表在功能和性能上基本上满足了系统的设计要求,并且在实验室环境下运行和测试时没有出现过意外死机、按键响应过慢或者显示乱码等情况。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the promotion of energy measurement automation and the popularity of large customers meter reading, as well as the full implementation of the policy about energy prices relating to the rate periods and billing, the demand of three phase electronic multifunction watt-hour meter is growing rapidly. According to this application of the electricity market demand as well as the characteristics of multifunction energy meter at home and abroad at present, strictly referring to the relevant national standards, a high precision, stable performance, strong anti-jamming ability multifunction meter was developed. It is in line with the new generation of power industry communication protocol DL/T645-2007: multi-function watt-hour meter communication protocol.At first, the paper introduced the development process of the energy meter and its application status, as well as its technological development trend. Then two of the current popular multi-function watt-hour meter design schemes were compared. After considering the performance and costs, the system’s design program was determined. It is a collaborative design using special energy metering IC ATT7022B plus MCU ATmega128. Energy metering IC provides various parameters of system functionality needed and MCU is responsible for parameter processing, displaying and storage.In accordance with the function of the system, hardware circuit was divided into power supply unit, energy acquisition unit, control unit, storage unit, real time clock unit, load control unit and communication unit, etc. This focused on the design of the power circuit and RS-485 lightning protection circuit. Combination of hardware circuit design, the paper makes overall software architecture. In order to enhance the readability and maintainability of software system, the design of software adopts modularization programming. Through the flow chart, the article has a brief analysis of the working principle and the main points of software programming. After software programming and debugging, the energy meter has achieved its function ultimately, which include active and reactive energy measurement time,demand metering, key display, anomaly monitor, events record, query and other functions.At last, the reliability of electronic energy meter has been designed and researched. Counter electromagnetic interference measures have been taken both in hardware and in to ensure that the system can work in the field environment stable.The three phase electronic multifunction energy meter developed by the subject is basically to meet the design requirements of the system in functionality and performance, and in a lab environment testing there have been no accidental crash, key responding too slowly, or display garbled and so on.更多还原