【作者】 唐莉；

【导师】 蒋美仕；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 从交叉科学理论视角看,科学的社会建制是一种指向科学活动及其成果评价、利用、保护和管理的特殊的社会组织制度、社会体制形式及其结构体系。其不仅有着特殊的主体、客体、手段和目标等基本要素,而且有着自身的独特精神气质、行为规范、组织形式及其器物装置和设施。公有主义、普遍性、无私利性、独创性和有条理的怀疑主义(CUDOS)等构成了科学的规范结构。职业科学家、无形学院、科学共同体构成了科学社会建制的主体。技术的社会建制是一种指向技术活动及其成果评价、利用、保护和管理的特殊的社会组织制度、社会体制形式及其结构体系。技术社会建制的运行遵循着私有性、局部性、独裁主义、受托性以及专门性(PLACE)行为规范。技术社会建制的主体具体包括发明者或发明家个体及其合作者、技术人员、技术专家和技术共同体。工程的社会建制是一种指向工程活动及其成果评价、利用、保护和管理的特殊的社会组织制度、社会体制形式及其结构体系。在消解“忠诚于雇主与忠诚于公众”的“伦理悖论”之后,工程社会建制的运行有着自身独特的伦理规范。工人、工程师、工程师共同体构成了工程社会建制的主体结构。随着科学技术经济一体化与知识社会的发展,科学、技术、工程这三种社会建制之间的关系因相互渗透而日趋紧密,因相互作用而不断融合,通过大型甚至巨型科学研究计划、技术开发项目、设计与建造工程的国家化与国际化,科学、技术与工程的社会建制逐渐显现出一体化趋势,即形成了科学、技术与工程一体化的社会建制。更多还原

【Abstract】 Scanning from the theoretical perspective of interdisciplinary sciences,social institution of science is a special social organization institution,frame and structure system to be aimed at scientific activities and their outcomes’ assessment,utilization, protection and administration.It has not only subjects,objects,means and goals,but also itself unique ethos,behavour norms,organizational forms, instrument settings and facilities.Communalism,universality,disinterestedness,originality and skepticism construct the normative structure of science. Professional scientist,invisible college and scientific community form the subject’s structure. Social institution of technology is a special social organization institution,frame and structure system to be aimed at technological activities and their outcomes’ assessment,utilization, protection and administration.The operation of social institution of technology obeys the behavor’s norms including proprietary, local, authoritarian, commissioned and expert.Subjects mainly include inventor individual,cooperator,technologist,expert and technological community.Social institution of engineering is a special social organization institution,frame and structure system to be aimed at engineering activities and their outcomes’ assessment,utilization, protection and administration.After neutralized the "ethics paradox" of "loyal to whether the employer or the public", The operation of social institution of engieering has itself unique ethic norms.Worker,engineer and engineer community form the subject structure of social institution of engieering.Along with the whole integration of science,technology and economy, the relationships is becoming increasingly close because of their mutual permeation and fusion as their interactions among the three social institutions of science, technology and engineering.Through large even gigantic program of scientific research,technology development,engineering design and construction, social institutions of science, technology and engineering gradually show a trend of integration, namely this has formed a kind of social institutions of the whole integrating science with technology and engineering.更多还原