【作者】 宋延明；

【导师】 郭永胜；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古师范大学 ， 专门史， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 在世界三大宗教中,对国际政治冲击最大并不断引起国际社会强烈关注的伊斯兰教,它以伊斯兰传统文化为底蕴对现代西方文化保持疏离与批判姿态的行为越来越受到世界的重视。本文以伊斯兰教在中亚地区传播、发展的历程,以及冷战结束后大国势力在这一地区的角逐与争夺为切入点,重点论述了中亚伊斯兰教的发展状况及伊斯兰教复兴运动在中亚地区兴起的原因。戈尔巴乔夫担任苏共总书记后,苏联党和政府一直以来对宗教和宗教组织的严格管理与监督出现失控,长期受压抑的中亚伊斯兰教呈复苏态势。苏联解体使中亚地区的意识形态领域出现真空,原有的社会文化结构趋向解体,外部伊斯兰势力乘虚而入,已经沉淀为民族意识重要组成部分的中亚伊斯兰教复兴并迅速发展,渗入社会生活的各个领域。中亚地缘政治地位十分重要,美国对中亚地区一直十分关注,苏联解体和中亚五国独立后,美国借口打击阿富汗塔利班政权和基地组织恐怖活动驻军中亚,并利用所谓民主、人权,推动中亚各国进一步西化,把中亚纳入自己的势力范围,使其成为制约俄罗斯的潜在伙伴的行为,危及到中亚社会稳定和伊斯兰民族因素的存在,因此,大国的争夺促进了中亚伊斯兰教的复兴。此外,苏联解体和中亚五国的独立,原有的社会文化结构趋向解体,转型中的中亚社会贪污腐败层出不穷,社会财富分配严重不均,贫富悬殊,严重的社会问题和政治、民族问题是伊斯兰教在中亚五国复兴的内在原因。本文主要分为三部分:第一部分回顾了伊斯兰教在中亚传播的历程及特点;第二部分介绍了中亚伊斯兰教复兴运动的状况、特征;第三部分深入分析了当代伊斯兰教在中亚迅速复兴和发展的深层次原因。期望通过本文的论述和分析,能够使人们进一步了解中亚伊斯兰教复兴的原因,对中亚伊斯兰教复兴有一个比较全面认识。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the world three big religions, Islam exerts great impact upon international politics and unceasingly causes great concerns from international society. It’s isolated and critique attitude toward modern west culture on the basis of traditional Islam culture has been taken seriously by the world. Taking the spread and development course of Islam in central Asia and the competition and fight among those great powers in this region after Cold War as the breakthrough point, this article elaborates on the development situation of Islam in central Asia, as well as the reasons for the emergence of Islamic Revival Movement in this region.After Gorbachev was assumed as the general secretary of CPSU, the strict management and surveillance on religion and religious organizations of CPSU and the government had been weekend and gradually out of control, and the Islam in central Asia which had been constrained for a long time appeared recovery situation. Afterwards, the breakup of USSR caused central Asia’s ideology domain in a situation of vacuum and the original social cultural structure tended to collapse. At this time, the exterior Islam influence seized the opportunity to step in and the central Asia Islam which had been precipitated as an important component of the national consciousness revived and expande rapidly, permeating each domain of the social life.For central Asia’s geopolitics status is very important, the US has paid much attention to this region. After the breakup of USSR and the independence of five countries in central Asia, US station troops in central Asia by the excuse of attacking Afghanistan Taliban regime and the Al-Qaeda terrorism. What’s more, using the so-called democracy and human rights, US impels to further westernize central Asia various countries and integrates central Asia into his own sphere of influence in order to make it a latent partner to restrict Russia. All the behaviors endangers to the central Asia social stability and the existence of Islam national factors. Therefore, the great nations’competition has promoted the central Asia Islamic revival.In additions, the breakup of USSR and the independence of five contries in central Asia make the original social culture structure tend to disintegration. In the central Asia society of transformation period, embezzlement and corrution emerge one after another, public wealth assignment is serously uneven and extreme disparity between the rich and the poor exists. The serious social question, politial and national questions are the inner cause of Islamic revieval in the central Asia five countries.This article mainly compose three parts: the first part reviews the course and characteristics of the spead of Islam in central Asia; the second part briefs the condition and features of central Asia Islamic Revival Movement; the third part thoroughly analyzes the deep reason of the contemporary Islamic rapid revival and development. Through elaboration and analysis in this artical, the writer hopes people can further understand the reasons for central Asia Islamic revival and gets a comprehension on this issue.更多还原