【作者】 周娟；

【导师】 何映平；

【作者基本信息】 海南大学 ， 材料学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本文研究了絮凝剂的制备及其在天然橡胶加工废水脱色处理中的应用研究。首先,以过硫酸铵为引发剂,十二烷基磺酸钠为乳化剂,以乳液聚合法合成木薯淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺共聚物,实验结果表明：当m(木薯淀粉)：m(丙烯酰胺)为1：1.5、反应温度为60℃、引发剂加入量为0.24 g时,单体转化率、接枝率和接枝效率分别为74.7%,69.8%,74.9%；当共聚物的加入量为0.35 g／L时,处理后橡胶废水的吸光度由0.164降为0.073,脱色率为55.5%。通过FTIR、TG和SEM分析,清楚显示了淀粉接枝共聚物与淀粉和PAM在结构上的差异,从而解释了淀粉接枝共聚物比PAM具有更好的絮凝效果的原因。其次,考虑到经济和投加量的问题,选用三氯化铁处理橡胶废水,测试无机絮凝剂的絮凝性能,并建立了数学模型；同时还研究了无机高分子絮凝剂PASS的合成。通过正交实验,以脱色率为指标,得出最佳合成条件：铝硅比为1：1、PASS投加量为3ml／L、PH值为7。最后,尝试将St-g-AM和PASS合成一种全新的有机-无机复合絮凝剂(PASSSAM),通过单因素分析详细地考查了无机与有机絮凝剂的质量比(A／S)、pH值及其PASSSAM的投加量对橡胶废水的处理效果,结果表明在无机与有机絮凝剂的质量比(A／S)为4、中性条件、PASSSAM加入量为15mg／L时,橡胶废水的脱色率达到93%。更多还原

【Abstract】 The preparation of flocculant and its application in the decolorizing treatment of nature rubber processing wastewater was studied in this paper.Firstly,graft copolymerization of acrylamide onto cassava starch using ammonium persulfate as initiator, sodium dodecyl sulfonate as emulsifier was studied. The effects of the ratio of starch and monomer, reaction temperature and initiator concentration on the graft copolymerization were investigated. Conversion ratio, grafting ratio and graft efficiency were chosen as checking objects. The optimal technology condition obtained from SAS statistic analysis included the ratio of starch and monomer 1:1.5, reaction temperature 60℃, and the dosage of initiator 0.24g.The structure analysis of the graft copolymer was determined by IR. It has some effects on wastewater of rubber treatment, when the amount of graft copolymer is 0.35 g/L, the absorbency decreases from 0.164 to 0.073, and decoloration rate is 55.5%.Secondly, considering economic and dosing quantity issues, using ferric chloride as flocculant to take a test on the flocculation performance of inorganic flocculant and the mathematical model was established. Meantime, the preparation of inorganic polymer flocculant PASS was studied. Decoloration rate chosen as checking objects, the optimal technology condition by orthogonal experiment included alumina-silica ratio1:1, the dosage of PASS 3ml/L, PH value 7.Lastly, a new type of inorganic-organic composite flocculent PASS SAM was synthesized using St-g-AM and PASS as raw materials. Single factor analysis shows the effect of the mass ratio of inorganic and organic flocculent, PH value, the dosage of PASSSAM to the rubber wastewater in details.The results shows that the decoloration rate reaches 93% under the condition of the mass ratio of inorganic and organic flocculent(A/S)4, PH value 7 and the dosage of PASSSAM 15mg/L.更多还原