【作者】 任偲；

【导师】 赵言文；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 环境科学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 土地是一个资源-环境的复杂巨系统,土地利用分区是合理开发与高效利用土地资源的手段,其合理性直接影响区域生态环境安全的演变,而不安全的区域生态环境也会制约土地资源的利用。基于生态环境安全进行土地利用分区研究,有利于促进国民经济的平衡发展与生态系统的良性循环,实现土地资源可持续利用与区域生态环境安全。本文在总结借鉴国内外土地利用分区研究成果的基础上,通过分析土地利用布局变化可能引起的生态环境安全问题,揭示目前土地利用分区存在的不足,分析主体功能区与生态环境安全之间的关系,把主体功能区运用到土地利用分区中,解决土地利用分区在生态环境安全方面针对性较弱的问题。以马鞍山市为例,采用相关分析和主成分分析相结合的方法,科学合理筛选主体功能区划分指标,运用状态空间法划分马鞍山市主体功能区。以土地利用基础图件和相关规划分区图件为依据,采用图形叠置和综合判断的方法,模拟研究全市土地用途管制分区。结合主体功能区划与土地用途分区,形成二级分区体系。以主体功能区为土地利用主导方向,构建土地利用分区管制措施体系。分析马鞍山市生态功能与敏感区,构建一个以生态功能和环境敏感区为子目标的评价指标体系,采用特尔斐法和层次分析法,得到马鞍山市重要的生态功能和敏感区类型。与分区目标进行对比,发现两者保持一致,可以判断马鞍山市二级分区方案能够保障区域生态环境安全。实例研究表明：把主体功能区划与土地用途分区相结合的分区思路是合理可行的。本文主要结论有：1.建立基于生态环境安全的分区方法：把主体功能区与土地用途分区相结合,能弥补用途分区在保障生态环境安全方面的不足,保障区域的生态环境安全。2.以马鞍山市为例,开展基于生态环境安全的土地利用分区研究。以全市资源环境承载能力(0.4157)、现有开发密度(0.5129)和发展潜力(0.5773)的值为标准,划分主体功能区方案为：优化开发区包括花山区、雨山区、金家庄区和姑孰镇；重点开发区包括博望镇、太白镇、丹阳镇、石桥镇、黄池镇、新市镇、塘南镇和乌溪镇；限制开发区包括护河镇、江心乡、年陡乡、湖阳乡和大陇乡；禁止开发区包括水源保护区、湿地、自然保护区、风景名胜区、文物古迹保护地和矿山禁采区。土地用途分区方案为：基本农田保护区、一般农地区、林业用地区、城镇建设用地区、工矿用地区和旅游生态保护用地区。把主体功能区作为一级分区,土地用途分区作为二级分区,通过交叉对比,得到二级分区体系：优化开发区中包括城镇建设用地、工矿用地、一般农地、林业用地和基本农田；重点开发区中包括城镇建设用地、工矿用地、一般农地和林业用地；限制开发区包括基本农田；禁止开发区包括旅游生态保护用地。并根据主体功能区的内涵判断分区方案是合理的。3.对马鞍山市二级分区体系进行生态环境安全评价,得到马鞍山市重要的生态功能类型为：生物多样性维护、水土保持和预防次生地质灾害；重要的敏感区域为：自然保护区、风景名胜区、饮用水源保护区、湿地、重点文物保护地和矿山治理生态示范区。分区的生态功能目标和敏感区目标与之保持了一致,因此可以判断马鞍山市二级分区方案能够保障区域生态环境安全。4.实例研究结果表明：把主体功能区与用途分区相结合的分区方法是合理的,能够解决传统的土地利用分区在生态环境安全方面针对性较弱的问题,保证土地利用分区有利于区域生态环境安全。本文将主体功能区划分的思想运用到土地利用分区中,对区域空间的生态环境安全问题进行了探索,对统筹区域土地利用和土地生态环境安全有现实的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Land is a complex giant system of resource and environment. Land-use division is the measure of rational development and efficient use of land resources, it will directly impact on the evolution of regional ecological environmental safety, rather than the regional eco-environmental unsafe will constraint on land using. Research on land-use division based on ecological environmental safety can help to promote the balance development of national economy and ecosystem of the virtuous cycle to achieve sustainable use of land resources and regional ecological environmental safety.It is analyzing the ecological environmental issues which caused by land-use distribution changes. It reveals the lack of land-use division through research progress both at home and abroad. And it analyzes the connection between main function zoning and ecological environmental safety. It will solve the problem that the lack of land-use division if use main function zoning in land-use zoning. Take Maanshan City as an example, use correlation coefficient and principal components analysis to choose index correctly. Use the State Spatial Method to divide the main function zoning in Maanshan. Then use maps overlay and integrated estimation to divide the Maanshan land-use zoning based on land-use maps and other program zoning maps. There is a II program zoning system combined main function zoning with land-use zoning. Use main function zoning as land-use leading to build control measures system of land-use zoning. By analyzing the regional ecological function and sensitive areas to build a evaluation index system. Use the Delphi method and AHP software, Maanshan important ecological functions and types of sensitive areas is discussed. Comparing with objective of land-use zoning, we can find consistent between the two.So it determines that the II program zoning system in Maanshan can ensure the safety of regional ecological environment. The study shows that it is reasonable and feasible to combined main function zoning with land-use zoning.The results is summarize as bellow: 1. Division methods based on ecological environmental safety:combined main function zoning with land-use zoning, will make up for the lack of land-use zoning and protect the regional ecological environmental security.2. Take Maanshan City as an example, it studies land-use division based on ecological environmental safety. To take the resources and environment carrying capacity (0.4157), the existing development density (0.5129) and the development potential (0.5773) of the hole city as the standard.The optimization development regions including Huashan district, Yushan district, Jinjiazhuang district and Gushu town. The emphases development regions including Bowang, Taibai, Danyang, Shiqiao, Huangchi, Xinshi, Tangnan and Wuxi town. The restricted development regions including Huhe, Jiangxin, Niandou, Huyang and Dalong village. The prohibit development regions including water source protection areas, wetlands, nature reserves, scenic spots, culture protections and areas prohibit exploitation of mine.The project of land-use zoning:Basic farmland protection area, General agricultural areas, Woodland areas, Urban construction land area, Industrial and mining land area, Tourism and ecological protection areas.TheⅡprogram zoning system combined main function zoning with land-use zoning. The optimization development region includes urban construction land, industrial and mining land, general agricultural land, woodland, basic farmland. The emphases development region includes urban construction land, industrial and mining land, general agricultural land, woodland. The restricted development region includes basic farmland. The prohibit development region includes tourism and ecological protection land. TheⅡprogram is reasonable according to the connotation of the main function division.3. Ecological environmental safety evaluation of theⅡprogram zoning system to get the important ecological functions of Maanshan is the maintenance of biological diversity, soil and water conservation and prevention of secondary geological disasters. The important sensitive areas of Maanshan is nature reserves, scenic spots, water source protection areas, wetlands, culture protections and mine management of ecological demonstration zones. Comparing with objective of land-use zoning, we can find consistent between the two.So it determines that land-use zoning in Maanshan can ensure the safety of regional ecological environment.4. The study shows that the division program which combined main function zoning with land-use zoning is reasonable and feasible, it will ensure the regional ecological environmental safety. It has resolved the weak of ecological environmental safety in the traditional land-use zoning, and make sure land-use layout change will not have a negative impact on ecological environmental safety and the land-use zoning is in favor of ecological environmental safety.In this paper, it uses the idea of main function zoning to land-use zoning. And it discusses the ecological environmental safety problem of regional space. There is practical guidance in land-use division and land eco-environmental safety.更多还原