【作者】 王峰；

【导师】 马学恩；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 基础兽医学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 深海生物圈有着不同于陆地和浅海的典型特点,例如高压、低温、永久黑暗及寡营养,并且深海微生物具有特殊的代谢途径及庞大的生物量,这使得深海成为一个巨大的有待开发利用的生物资源宝库。本文研究的深海沉积物样品来自IMAGESⅪⅤ航次采集MD06-3057站位的沉积物柱表层样品。该站位位于菲律宾中央的锡布延海(13°00.15′N,122°22.22′E),水深1666米。该岩芯全长9.6m,每0.5m作为一个研究尺度。本文以提取并纯化的西太平洋深海沉积物DNA为模板,利用古菌PCR特异性引物扩增出样品中古菌的16S rDNA片段,构建其克隆文库,建立阳性克隆子的RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymor-phism)酶切图谱。根据酶切图谱对所获得的119个克隆子进行测序,并与数据库中的序列进行比对,从而进行古菌的多样性和系统发育分析。结果表明,沉积物中扩增的16S rDNA古菌序列分别来自泉古生菌(Crenarchaeota)和广古生菌(Euryarchaeota),以Marine Benthic Group B (11.8%)、Marine Benthic Group D (13.6%)、Marine Crenarchaeotic Group (68.69%)为主。少量序列为South African Gold Mine Euryarchaeotic Group (1.07%)、Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Euryarchaeotic Group (1.61%)、UCIIB (125%)、VALIII (1.79%)、Marine Benthic Group E (0.18%)。以上结果表明,西太平洋深海沉积物中有丰富多样的古菌群落。在小尺度上古菌群落垂直分布明显,其结果也可从侧面反映深海沉积物近表层处的环境条件在小尺度上垂直变化显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to the special environment characteristics of the deep-sea such as cold, high pressure, dark and poor organic carbon, the biosphere in the deep-sea environments was markedly different from the continent and the shallow sea. In addition, because of the rich abundance and special metabolism pathways of microorganisms inhabiting in the deep-sea environments, the deep-sea has been considered as an important reservoir of biological resources for exploration.The sediment samples used in this study were collected from the MD06-3057 site in the West Pacific Ocean (12°36’39"N,104°19’28"W).The stations located in the central Philippines, sibuyan sea, depth of 1666 meters. The core was 9.6 meters long, each 0.5m as a research scale.Diversity of archaeal was studied in deep-sea sediments from the Western Pacific by PCR-RFLP and sequence analysis of 16S rDNA and comparing with the published sequences in GenBank data-base. Archaeal 16S rDNA sequences were within phylums of Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota, respectively. The majority of archaeal phylotypes were Marine Benthic Group B (MBGB), Marine Benthic Group D (MBGD) and Marine Crenarchaeotic Group (MCG).Additional sequences grouped with the South African Gold Mine Euryarchaeotic Group (SAGMEG)、Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Euryarchaeotic Group (DHVEG)、UCIIB、VALIII and Marine Benthic Group E (MBGE). These results indicate that archaea are abundant and diversified in surface environment of subseafloor sediments.更多还原