【作者】 路尧；

【导师】 胡骥；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 交通工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 高速公路匝道控制是高速公路智能控制中非常重要的一部分。在一些高速公路主线车流量较大的地区,或者是要求进入主线交通需求较大的地区,实施匝道控制,特别是入口匝道控制,将能够使高速公路的服务水平维持在一个满意的阈值之上。本文基于前人的研究基础,在ALINEA这一经典的匝道控制方法之上,提出了一种竞争型的匝道反馈修正控制算法。该算法将基于短时交通流预测理论的控制算法与ALINEA算法并行结合,形成竞争关系,在此关系上得到限制性更强的匝道调节率,并由匝道排队检测信息反馈修正上述调节率,达到实时控制目的。本文主要工作如下：首先,简单分析了匝道控制系统中的各组成部分及功能,并简单介绍了交通流各种数据的采集方法以及已有的一些匝道控制算法比较。在此基础之上,对算法中所用的交通流参数进行了分析比较,最终选取了采集方便性、实用性、实时性以及敏感性等几个方面的综合因素较强的参数作为控制算法参数。同时对高速公路的交通流特性进行了必要分析。然后,通过之前的交通分析、算法比较、参数选取等准备工作,对本文提出的算法进行了系统研究和科学的分析。其中首先明确了ALINEA算法计算与参数取值问题,然后主要解决了基于短时交通流预测控制算法的可行性、计算与参数取值问题,以及匝道反馈修正部分的思想和修正计算问题等。最终形成了一套完整的匝道控制方法。最后,使用交通仿真软件VISSIM,对本文的算法进行了试算和效果检验。结果表明,该方法能够改善主线交通状况。与ALINEA算法比较,该算法的匝道排队控制效果相当明显,是一种即能够保持主线运行效率,又能够保证主线与匝道用户公平性的双赢算法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Freeway Ramp Metering is an important part of ITS. It makes the service level of freeway maintain at a satisfactory level in the situations of large mainline traffic flow or large entry traffic flow, particularly at freeway ramp. The paper, based on the previous researches and ALINEA, presents a competitive feedback-correct algorithm. This algorithm combines the arithmetic based on the theory of short-time traffic predicting and ALINEA, generates a competition, and gets a more restricted suitable ramp volumes. The rate is adjusted by the information detected of ramp queue to get a real-time traffic control.Firstly, the paper make a brief analysis of the components and function of ramp metering system, introduces the means of collecting the traffic volume and the ramp metering algorithms. On the basis of this, the parameters of traffic flow in the algorithms are analyzed, and finally the parameters of conveniency, practicability, sensitivity, real time are selected for the metering algorithms.Secondly, based on the above work of traffic analysis, algorithms compare, parameter selection, a comprehensive research is given to the algorithm the paper selected. The problem revolved is comprised of the parameter selection of ALINEA, the feasibility and parameter selection of metering algorithms based on short-time volume forecast theory, the calculation about feed-back to correct. A integrated ramp metering algorithm is established.Finally, a validation is made by using traffic simulation software VISSIM. The outcome demonstrates that the algorithm can improve the service level efficiently. Compared to ALINEA algorithm, the effect of the algorithm is evident. It not only maintains the service level of mainline traffic, but also provides equitable opportunity between mainline users and ramp users.更多还原