【作者】 金光明；

【导师】 李宗勋；

【作者基本信息】 延边大学 ， 世界史， 2010， 硕士

【副题名】以七世纪新罗遣唐使朝贡道的变化为中心

【摘要】 公元七世纪,东亚诸国家中的四国——唐、高句丽、百济、新罗发生了骤变。经过几次国际战争,唐扩大了其统治区域,成为盛唐的一个标志；百济与高句丽两国分别在战争中遭到失败,致使国家灭亡；新罗在战争中逐渐强大,以致最终控制了整个朝鲜半岛,其历史也进入了一个崭新的时期。这一切的变化与国家间关系的嬗变是分不开的。新罗紧紧地靠在了唐朝的一边,使得其与高句丽、百济相比在政治外交上占了上风。国与国之间之所以能够密切联系,其中一个重要因素便是外交使节的派遣。新罗正是认识到了这一点,频繁地向唐朝派遣使节。遣唐使也因此成为沟通新罗与唐朝的桥梁,其所担负的重任在七世纪时尤为凸显。本论文将重点探讨与遣唐使密切相关的朝贡道问题。新罗朝贡道的开辟是其北进政策的一环,直接关系到新罗能否独立进行外交,并成为其国家发展与壮大的重要标志。同时,在纷繁复杂的国际环境中,朝贡道路的选择及使用关系到遣唐使能否顺利到达唐朝,能否将新罗的意图成功传达给唐政府等。可以说,朝贡道的畅通成为遣唐使赴唐的先决条件。全文由绪论、本论、结论三部分组成：第一章绪论部分主要阐明本论文的研究目的及意义、研究现状与存在的问题、研究方法及创新点。第二章主要分析新罗境内的遣唐使朝贡道问题。新罗的陆路交通网是伴随其国家成长而展开的。自新罗都城庆州至其陆路终点(即出海口)的这段路,主要有三条路线,分别是竹岭路、鸡立岭路、秋风岭路。本章将着重对这三条路逐一进行分析,从而导引出陆路终点即出海口的地点问题。出海口与新罗朝贡道的关系不言而喻。新罗争夺汉江流域的控制权是其能够进行对中国外交的先决条件。出海口的打开使新罗进行独立外交成为可能。为了争夺能够通往中国的出海口及汉江流域控制权,新罗首先要开辟的便是通往汉江流域的交通道。可以说,交通道的开辟是伴随着新罗北进政策的实施以及保障通往汉江出海口顺畅的一体化进程。因此,分析新罗遣唐使自庆州出发前往汉江出海口的具体路线也就显得十分重要。第三章主要分析朝贡道中航线的选择问题。遣唐使朝贡道中关于航线的选择主要有两条：一条是参考唐宰相贾耽的《道里计》中的登州海行入高丽渤海道(即老铁山水航路)；另外一条便是黄海横渡航路。这两条航路成为新罗在统一朝鲜半岛前赴唐的主要航路。随着时局的变化,新罗无法使用老铁山水航路进行朝贡,只得使用另一条更为“安全”且便捷的航路。同时,由于遣唐使所选择的航路不同,登陆点也就有所不同。第四章主要分析关于遣唐使在唐境内登莱上岸后直至入长安的相关问题。这其中包括：遣唐使的行宿、滞留时间、通关碟文的发放过程及时间、登莱至长安的路线及时间、能够进入长安的随行人员的人数、入长安前的最后一驿的地点等。遣唐使作为外国使节在入境中国后不可以直接赶赴长安,必须等到通关牒文的发放。因此有必要对等待通关牒文所需要的时间进行分析。其次,对从登莱上岸后至长安这段路的路线以及时间消耗等问题也同样值得关注。再次,随行人员的多少直接关系到路程耗时问题以及相关的辎重问题,因此在考虑路程时日问题时应将随行人员的因素一并纳入其中。第五章为结论,主要对遣唐使入唐的路线、所需要的时间以及归国问题等做一番总结,进一步阐述笔者的观点。更多还原

【Abstract】 On the AD seventh century, the various countries in East Asia, fo ur countries-Tang, Goguryeo, Baekje, Silla have taken place suddenl y. After several international war, the Tang expanded his rule region and has become a hallmark of Tang Dynasty. Baekje and Goguryeo were failed in the war and resultied the two countries’s die. Silla in th e war began to grow, and eventually control of the entire Korean peni nsula, its history has also entered a new period. All these changes a re inseparable with the changes in inter-State relations. Silla tight ly leaning side of the Tang Dynasty, and compared with the Goguryeo, Baekje Silla is upper hand in the political and diplomatic. Closing li nks between countries is an important factor in the dispatch of diplo mats. In recognition of this, Silla was frequently send envoys to the Tang Dynasty. The envoys to the Tang Dynasty have become the communi cation bridge between Silla and the Tang dynasty, the heavy responsib ility they bear are particularly prominent in the seventh century.This paper will focus on the question which is closely related wi th the tributary to the Tang Dynasty. To open up the North tributary Road is a part of Silla’s policy, which directly related to the Sill a whether it able to do independently diplomacy. They be an important symbol in national development and strength. Meanwhile, in the compli cated international environment, the choice of tributary roads is rel ated to the Tang Dynasty Tang Dynasty, and whether put the new intent ion to convey to the Tang government successly and smoothly, etc. We c an say that the smooth flow of a tributary is a prerequisites for the envoy going to Tang. This paper are made of three parts:the introdu ction, the theory and the conclusionsIntroduction part of the first chapter of this paper is to clarif y that the purpose and significance, research status and problems of research methodology and Innovations.ChapterⅡanalyzes the starting point of tributary. It’s a self-evident that the relationship between the sea and the Silla tributa ry Road. Silla control of the Han River competition is its ability to be a prerequisite for China’s diplomacy.Because of opening the sea, the conduction of Silla’s independent diplomacy has become possible. In order to fight the sea and compete for control of the Han River, t he first mission for the Silla is to open up the traffic road which 1 eading to the Han River. It can be said that the traffic is accompanie d by the opening of Silla north implementation of the policy and to s afeguard access to the Han River estuary and smooth integration proce ss. Accordingly, it is also very important to analysis the envoy of S illa after leave for Gyeongju will use to choice a specific path of t he Han River estuary.ChapterⅢanalyzes the tributary of waterway route. There are tw o routes were chosen. One is reference to the“examination into the side of the state Siyi, shipping the route from Dengzhou to Korea Boh ai Road (it’s also named the Laotieshan route)”which wrriten by Jia Dan who is the prime minister Tang. Another one is the waterway to ac ross the Huanghai Sea. With the political situation changes, Silla ca n not use the Laotieshan waterway,sothat have to selcet another more“safe”and convenient route. At the same time, due to chosing a diff erent route, the landing points are also diffrence.ChapterⅣanalyzes the problem about the envoys from Denglai to Chang’an’ routes, and so on. As foreign envoys to the Tang Dynasty wh en they after landing are not allowed direct access to Chang’an. They must wait until the Permit issued. Therefore, it is necessary to anal ysis the time of waitting for issuing permit. Secondly, it is also dese rve attention that the path from Chang’an to Deng Lai, the time consu mption and other issues.ChapterⅤis to do a summation about the path to the Tang Dynasty, the, the time will be need, return to homeland and further elaborated the views of the author.更多还原