【作者】 李明哲；

【导师】 凌宪初；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 音乐学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 欧美流行音乐发展至今已有100多年,在这一过程中,美国黑人做出了不可磨灭的贡献。创造性极强的美国黑人民族,在跳舞的过程中,又开发出了一种独特的流行音乐形式-嘻哈(说唱)乐(以下简称“嘻哈乐”)。嘻哈乐是一种以简单旋律和固定节奏为音乐背景,以韵律化口白演唱的流行音乐。“嘻哈”,即Hip-Hop,其中Hip是指臀部,Hop是指单脚起跳,Hip-Hop指摇摆臀部、起舞。从1960年摇滚乐兴起以来,嘻哈乐以一种与众不同的方式席卷了美国。嘻哈这个词是由美国黑人创造出来的一个俚语。它本来的意思是交谈、谈话。嘻哈乐(rap)发源于20世纪70年代美国纽约黑人区,最初是少数非洲裔青年自娱自乐的民间音乐,是HIP-HOP文化的一种风格分支,于80年代被美国娱乐业以现代促销手段改造,成为当代重要的流行音乐之一。嘻哈乐是一种激进的音乐形式,毒品、枪支、暴力,一切与社会底层和黑暗面有关的字眼都能在嘻哈歌词中找到。嘻哈乐的产生既是偶然的也是必然的,它是美国社会的真实写照,也给穷困的美国黑人民族带来了一种新的精神力量；嘻哈歌手们将一切愤怒和不满都发泄在歌词中,将嘻哈乐变成一种极具传播性和感染力的艺术。本文首先介绍了美国嘻哈乐从产生到发展的大致过程,然后从社会和文化的角度进行考量,探究嘻哈乐的成因,指出美国黑人创造嘻哈乐的可能性和必然性,探讨嘻哈乐能迅速得以传播的原因,分析美国社会与嘻哈乐的关系,然后对美国嘻哈乐作一个总结。更多还原

【Abstract】 The development of European and American pop music has been more than 100 years, in the process, African Americans made an indelible contribution. Creative strong African-American people, in the process of dance, has developed a unique form of pop music-hip hop (rap) music (hereinafter referred to as "hip hop"). Hip hop (rap) music (rap) is a simple melody and rhythm as the music background fixed to the spoken rhythm of pop music concert. "Hip Hop", that is Hip-Hop, which is the hip Hip, Hop is one foot off, Hip-Hop means the swing hip, dance. Since 1960, rising from rock, hip hop (rap) music (rap) swept in a different way the United States. The term hip-hop music created by African Americans as a slang. It was originally meant talk, talk. Hip hop (rap) originated in 20th century New York, Harlem 70’s, originally a small number of young people enjoying themselves African American folk music, is HIP-HOP culture, a style branch, in the 80s to the U. S. entertainment industry Modern marketing tools to transform, Become one of the important contemporary popular music. Hip-hop music is a radical form of music, drugs, guns, violence, all with the dark side of the bottom and the words can be found in the hip-hop lyrics. Hip hop generation is both accidental and inevitable, it is a true portrayal of American society, but also to poor African Americans in the nation to bring a new spiritual strength; hip-hop singers who will vent all the anger and discontent are the lyrics in the hip-hop music into a highly infectious and spread the art.This paper introduces the U.S. hip-hop music from the creation to the general development process, and then from the perspective of social and cultural considerations, explore the causes of hip hop music, hip-hop music that African Americans created the possibility and inevitability of hip hop spread quickly to the reasons of American society and the relationship between hip-hop music, and then make a summary of the U.S. hip-hop music.更多还原