【作者】 陈田；

【导师】 巫锡勇；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 地质工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 黑色岩层因含有特殊矿物成分如黄铁矿、白铁矿等在富含地表水和氧的条件下易发生水解、氧化等一系列地球化学反应,最终造成黑色岩层自身矿物成分的蚀变及结构的破坏,不仅使自身强度降低,更为重要的是它风化后形成的产物酸性水,能进一步加剧黑色岩层的物理力学性质的减弱。故研究区的大量黑色岩层对线路安全可能带来很大的危害,有必要研究整治。通过收集研究区的地形地貌、地层岩性、地质构造等资料并进行野外调查取样,对具有代表性的岩样进行岩矿鉴定、化学成分鉴定、矿物成分鉴定等,初步得出了调查地区黑色岩层的化学特征及风化蚀变特性。通过室内浸泡试验,模拟黑色岩层的野外风化过程,得出黑色岩层内部矿物成份的变化规律。因为黑色岩层的风化破坏主要是水岩作用形成的酸性腐蚀、蚀变破坏。所以,掌握黑色岩层在风化过程中其内部所含各种主要矿物成份的变化趋势及酸性水的酸度,对研究黑色岩层的风化破坏进程及程度有一定意义。最后,通过对黑色岩层的化学成分、矿物成分、风化蚀变组分及地球化学过程的分析研究,初步总结出研究区黑色岩层的工程地质特性,即风化后的崩解性及水对黑色岩层的侵蚀性和损伤性。收集了黑色岩层在调查区的分布范围,调查了其引发的地质灾害：边坡裂隙酸性水的侵蚀、风化剥落、浅层风化带滑坡以及道路边坡的垮塌,并根据需要提出相应防治措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to containing the special minerals such as pyrite, marcasite, etc. black stratum prone to occur hydrolysis, oxidation and a series of geochemical processes, in the environment rich with oxygen and surface water, to cause the alteration of it’s mineral composition and structural damage. Finally the processes not only result in decreasing it’s strength, but more importantly forming weathering product-acidic water which can further exacerbate the physical and mechanical properties of the black stratum weaken. Therefore, it is necessary to study and remediate the black stratum of research area in order to prevent the disaster which is caused by the black stratum.By collecting the topography, lithology, geological structure data of study area and conducting field investigation and sampling action, it is obtained chemical characteristics and weathering alteration properties of the black stratum of investigation area, based on rock mineral identification, chemical composition identification and mineral composition identification, etc of the representative rock samples.The changing rule of the inner mineral composition of the black stratum can be obtained through the immersion test in laboratory which can simulate the field weathering process. Because the black stratum’s weathering damage is mainly caused by acid corrosion and alteration under water-rock interaction, so getting the change trend of the inner mineral of the black stratum and the acidity of the acid water has important meanings for studying the process of the weathering damage of the black stratum.Finally, through the analysis of the chemical composition, the mineral composition, the weathering alteration components and the geochemical process of the black stratum, the engineering geological characteristics of the black stratum of the study area are preliminary summarized, which are disintegration after weathering destroy and water erosion and injury to the black stratum. Moreover, the distribution data of the black stratum is collecting in the study area, and that where distributes and the geological disasters triggered by it include: acidic water erosion of slope’s crack, spallation with weathering, the landslide of the shallow weathering zone and collapse of road cutting slope. At last, the prevention measures for the engineering secure have been made up in order to prevent the disasters caused by the black stratum.更多还原