Gemini表面活性剂的合成及在三次采油中的应用

【作者】 邵瑞利；

【导师】 王振军； 赵建社；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 有机化学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 Gemini表面活性剂因其在纺织、材料、生物、农业、洗涤、化工、石油等领域的应用而受到人们的重视。在能源日益短缺的情况下,只有进一步提高采收率才能使有限的石油资源得到充分利用,而表面活性剂驱被认为是化学驱的一种最有效的驱油方式之一。由于Gemini表面活性剂跟传统表面活性剂相比具有较低的临界胶束浓度和更好的表面活性,还兼有聚合物和传统表面活性剂两种驱替剂的性能,因此在三次采油领域具有很大的应用潜力。本文对Gemini表面活性剂进行了较系统的综述,设计合成了Gemini表面活性剂,对其性能进行了表征,主要研究工作如下：1、合成了两个系列的Gemini表面活性剂,通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振等方法对其结构进行了鉴定。并对其溶液的表面张力、界面张力、临界胶束浓度(CMC)、接触角等进行了测试。2、由于Gemini表面活性剂价格昂贵,一般是与传统的表面活性剂复配使用的。根据表面活性剂的复配原理,将各种类型的表面活性剂进行复配,通过复配筛选出性能优越的复配体系。对复配体系进行了界面张力、表面张力、接触角等测试以及抗盐、耐温性能的评价。3、利用真实砂岩微观模型对合成的Gemini表面活性剂进行室内模拟驱油实验,通过常规水驱油实验和不同的表面活性剂驱油实验的模拟,可以看出表面活性剂的驱油效率明显较水驱油有所提高,同时也进一步验证了表面活性剂的驱油机理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Gemini surfactant has become an important research subject because of its great significance in textile, material, biology, agriculture, washing, chemical industry and oil. With the growing shortage of energy, only further improvement in the recovery efficiency can make the limited oil resources be fully utilized, while surfactant flooding is considered as one of the most effective chemical flooding. Compared with the conventional surfactant, Gemini surfactant has lower critical micelle concentration and higher surface activity, together with the displacement agent performance of both the polymer and conventional surfactant. Therefore, it has great potential in the field of tertiary recovery.In this dissertation, Gemini surfactant was systematically reviewed and its properties were characterized, the mainly completed task is as follows:1. Two series of Gemini surfactants were synthesized, its structure was identified by elemental analysis, IR and 1H NMR. Its surface tension, interfacial tension, critical micelle concentration (CMC) and contact angle were also tested.2. Owing to the expensive price of Gemini surfactant, it is generally used together with traditional surfactant. According to the surfactant formulating principle, mixing various types of surfactants up can help to select the superior performance mixture system. A series of tests for the mixture systems were implemented, such as surface tension, interfacial tension, contact angle, salt resistance and temperature resistance.3. The oil displacement efficiency of surfactant is significantly improved compared with the water flooding, meanwhile, the surfactant oil-displacement mechanism was further validated after adopting the authentic micro-model to test the synthetic Gemini surfactant in the laboratory simulation of oil displacement experiment.更多还原