【作者】 王立姿；

【导师】 程铁欣； 周广栋；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 物理化学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 由碱/表面活性剂/聚合物组成的三元复合驱油技术是提高原油采收率幅度较大、运用较广、最具有发展潜力的一种驱油方法,其中所用表面活性剂主要为重烷基苯磺酸盐。因此,对采出水中的重烷基苯磺酸盐的含量进行定量的检测已成为石油开采工作的一项基本要求。但是针对于复杂的现场情况,由于使用矿化度较高的厂区清水,加入情况复杂的混合碱,而且由于经过采油驱替过程,致使三元液和采出液情况复杂(例如混浊、表面活性剂与Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺等离子生成溶解性差的盐类沉淀等等),因此寻找适应性更强的重烷基苯磺酸盐表面活性剂的定量分析方法显得更为重要。三波长紫外分光光度法通过选取合适的三个吸收波长,利用吸光度的差值运算可以消除溶液混浊引起的吸收光谱漂移以及干扰物质等对定量分析的影响,具有较强的抵抗背景干扰的能力。本文利用三波长紫外分光光度法对水中低浓度的重烷基苯磺酸盐表面活性剂进行定量分析,并考察了方法的准确性。研究结果表明,三波长法测定水中重烷基苯磺酸盐浓度范围是5-60 mg/L,对应表活剂质量百分浓度为0.025%-0.3%,最低检测限为5mg/L,对于小浓度的重烷基苯磺酸盐含量的测定有重要意义,标准工作曲线的线性相关性达到了0.99977,测定样品误差在+0.053%-+0.113%之间,标准偏差在0.014-0.125mg/L之间,测试回收率为99.76%-100.07%。还考察了一些无机盐离子(K⁺、Mg²⁺、Ca²⁺)等对测定结果的影响。利用三波长分光光度法定量分析水中重烷基苯磺酸盐表面活性剂的含量,有良好的准确度,重复性和精密度,是一种方便、省时、准确、可行的定量分析方法,适用于水中低浓度重烷基苯磺酸盐的定量分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 In today’s society oil plays a more and more important role .With the economic development and the progress of human civilization the demand for oil is increasing.The first oil extraction and the twice oil extraction produced only 40-60 percent of crude oil reserves, and most of the oil residue in the underground. With the development of technology, strengthen the recovery technology (EOR) has won people’s attention, ASP flooding (ASP) is a new technology of chemical multi-gas, its characteristic is to use surfactants, polymer and alkali synergy, make compound system/oil formation of super-low interfacial tension. (ASP) composite drive technology plays a key role of surfactant, because is affecting surfactant play oil displacement efficiency and effect of oil and oil displacement system of interfacial tension.Effect the value of the interfacial tension of factors include: mixed surfactants, alkali, polymers, etc. HABS were found to have low interfacial tension, best morphology and the strong ability, and the sources of the raw materials, is a kind of excellent surfactant. Therefore the heavy alkylbenzene sulfonates, has important significance to improve the content of the oil rate, and for the sustainable development of national economy.UV single wavelength method has studied on alkylbenzene sulfonates,the results showed that the basic method can be used in testing work. But on the site conditions, due to the complex use of high salinity water factory, join the complex mixture situation, but because the base oil displacement process, cause ternary liquid and complex effluence , so sulfonates for adaptive stronger method is very important. Three wavelengths ultraviolet spectrophotometry by choosing proper three wavelengths absorbency, through the absorbency of differential operation can be eliminated by the absorption spectra turbid solution, and quantitative analysis on interference material, has strong ability of resisting background interference.In this paper,we select three-wavelength method to determine the content of alkylbenzene sulfonates . Through the interference of daqing water, mix ingredients, By uv spectral scanning, determine the extent of the interference of daqing water is the largest, the second is mixed-alkali, finally is polyacrylamide. Select the maximum absorption wavelength of daqing water forλ1, alkylbenzene sulfonates in daqing water for the maximum absorption wavelength isλ2, through the analysis method and calculation formula a third wave is determined toλ3. The establishmentΔA - C three wavelengths standard curve.Through the experimental condition and optimization of each index (linear, precision, accuracy, and recovery of error ), this paper concluded:1. Alkylbenzene sulfonates weighs its characteristics in different environments, just absorption peaks unchanged due to different environment background absorption spectrophotometry the superposition and increase occurred, through the appropriate methods to eliminate background on the absorption of can finish heavy alkylbenzene sulfonates quantitative analysis.2. The main factors affecting the ultraviolet absorbing is daqing water, then turn to mixed-alkali solution, polymers, their absorption peaks are basically the same.3. Three-wavelength method for determination of heavy alkylbenzene sulfonates concentration for 5-60 mg/L, corresponding percent concentration is 0.025% - 0.3%. The minimum detection limit for 5mg/L,it is important for small concentrations of alkyl benzene sulfonates content is determined .4. Linearity basically reach more than 0.99977,and the rang of standard deviation is 0.014-0.125mg/L,sthandard deviation is small,the error between of +0.053%-+0.113%,and the testing the recovery rate is 99.76%-100.07%.5. The experimental investigation the influence of daqing water, mix-alkali,and polymer to alkylbenzene sulfonates determination, experiments prove that the method can reduce by dilute daqing water, mix-alkali, and polyamer . and errors are within acceptable limits.6. Finally investigation the influence of inorganic ions on the determination results. Experiments show that the experiment of inorganic ions in a small degree disturbance, acceptable range.From the above results can be seen, the determination method of three wavelengths for low concentration of heavy water alkylbenzene sulfonates,is an effective analyzing method.all the indicators of good within acceptable limits.更多还原