【作者】 徐熙庆；

【导师】 唐委校；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 化工过程机械， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 高速铣削加工技术是先进制造技术中重要的基础技术之一,己成为21世纪先进制造技术中的重要组成部分,已经被广泛应用于航空航天、汽车、模具、能源、等众多领域。铣削过程中的颤振是高速铣削实现高速、高效和高精度加工的关键限制因素之一,因此高速铣削系统的稳定性预测问题是机械加工迫切需要解决的技术难题之一。本文以高速铣削稳定性预测及颤振抑制为研究目标,借助理论分析和有限元仿真等手段,对高速铣削过程中,主轴／刀具系统陀螺效应的动态特性、工件系统的动态特性,以及稳定性进行系统、深入地研究,并基于研究结果进行软件开发。基于建立的高速铣削动态铣削力模型,建立了高速铣削系统动力学模型,方面,针对高速铣削的特点,建立了考虑高速旋转主轴引起的陀螺效应影响的二自由度动力学模型；另一方面,当工件刚度和刀具刚度在同一数量级时,建立了考虑刀具和工件系统的高速铣削四自由度动力学模型。基于所建的动力学模型,深入研究铣削稳定性的解析分析方法,采用稳定性极限图作为对铣削稳定性分析的表示方法,并以此作为对高速切削稳定性进行预测、评价和优化的理论依据。同时,基于二维稳定性极限图,建立三维稳定性极限图及曲面图,通过三维稳定性图,可以直观、清晰地分析稳定性极限图坐标变量对铣削稳定性的影响规律,并全面、准确地选择稳定铣削条件下的最优铣削参数。将刀具系统简化为梁模型,通过有限元方法,建立主轴／刀具系统的有限元模型,研究陀螺效应对系统动态特性及稳定性的影响规律：另外,建立工件的有限元模型,研究不同工况对工件系统的动态特性及其对稳定性的影响。在上述建立的的稳定性预测方法基础上,编译开发稳定性预测软件,探讨高速切削的振动和失稳机制、特征及演变发展规律,以便于应用于实际生产中,实现工程应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an important basic technology, high speed milling has become an important part of the advanced manufacturing technology in the 21st century, which has been widely used in aerospace, automotive, mold, energy, and many other fields. Chatter in milling process is the main constraints of realizing high-speed, efficient and accurate processing high speed milling, so the problem of stability prediction under high-speed milling machining is urgency. Taking the stability prediction of high-speed milling and Chatter as the background, the prediction of high-speed milling stability as object, the dynamic and stability characteristics of spindle and tool system and gyroscopic effect and also that of workpiece in the high speed milling is studied by the method of theoretical analysis and finite element simulation, and some of the results developed by the form of software.Based on the force model of the instantaneous cutting force, the dynamic milling model is established considering two aspects. First, the dynamic model is established considering that the gyroscopic effects of the high speed rotating shaft. Second, the dynamic model is also established considering that the stiffness of workpiece and that of the tool is at the same magnitude.Based on the dynamic model setup, the method of the analytical stability analysis and the stability limit diagram used as a representation of milling stability is proposed, which is the theoretical basis of prediction, evaluation and optimization. Based on two-dimensional stability limit diagram, the establishment of three-dimensional stability limit diagram is studied, by which the direct and clear analysis of milling parameters on milling stability, comprehensive, and accurately selection of the optimal cutting conditions and stability milling parameters can be made.By simplifying the tool system to beam model, the numerical method for solving differential equations is proposed, and the gyroscopic effect of the tool system and its natural frequency is analyzed. By the finite element method, the finite element model of the tool and spindle system is established, gyroscopic effect on the dynamics and stability is analyzed. The finite element model of the workpiece is established, respectively, dynamic characteristics of different conditions and its stability are also analyzed.On the base of achieved method in the stability limit diagram prediction, the software compiler development is proposed, which probes into the the vibration and instability mechanisms, characteristics and evolution discipline of high speed milling and make it easy to apply to actual production and realization of engineering applications.更多还原