【作者】 段睿；

【导师】 王宏志；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 轮机工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来随着船舶的大型化、高速化的发展,轴系刚性与船体柔性之间的矛盾增大,使得船舶轴系校中变得更为复杂,轴系校中的理论研究和实际测量研究都显得格外重要。因此,很有必要将理论分析计算和实际测试测量结合起来,对轴系校中进行系统深入地研究。作者在参考国内外大量文献资料及学习船舶轴系校中计算方法的基础上,充分利用ANSYS计算软件和先进的测试测量技术,进行了船舶轴系校中计算、校中工艺方法,以及船舶轴系变形的测试研究。本论文以实验室搭建的船舶轴系试验台为研究对象,通过对船舶轴系直线校中状态下的变形测试测量、轴功率的测试,以及轴承负荷的测试研究,实现了船舶轴系校中质量的评价。本文主要作了以下几方面的工作：首先利用有限元分析ANSYS软件,进行船舶轴系直线校中计算,得到轴系各个轴承上的负荷计算值、以及各个轴段内的一些力学参量的分布情况和数值,对船舶轴系状态有了清晰的量化描述。在理论计算的基础上,应用应变测试技术,对轴系的动力参数进行了实际的测量,实现了轴系变形的无线采集测量。轴系的变形包括扭转变形和弯曲变形两个方面,都是通过利用应变片和无线传感器构成的采集网络来完成变形的测量；以扭矩的测量为基础,对轴系的轴功率进行了实际的测量,发现在轴系的稳定运转过程中扭矩变化规律,功率的增加部分都用来提高转速。最后,应用负荷传感器,通过改进的顶举法,对船舶轴系直线校中状态下的各个轴承附近的实际负荷进行了测量,并与船舶轴系直线校中计算的轴承理论负荷值进行了比较,可以进一步评价船舶轴系校中的质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Over recent years, with the ship’s large and high-speed development, the problems between rigid shaft and increasing flexibility of the hull increase, the shaft alignment has become more complex. On the shaft alignment of theoretical and practical measurement, studies are particularly important, so, it is necessary to combine theoretical analysis and practical measurements carried out up to the shaft alignment system.Based on references of a large number of papers and learning of regular shafting alignment methods, full use of existing matured computing software and advanced measurement techniques,the experimental study on shafting alignment is conducted in depth research.Based on the shaft testing platform built by laboratory, paper has the research carried out as follows:First of all, by the finite element analysis, using finite element analysis ANSYS software to calculate the shaft in a straight line school, gets the loads on bearings under line state and also some of the mechanical parameters of distribution and value in various shaft segments, has a clear understanding of the situation in line shafting alignment.Secondly, in the theoretical calculation based on the dynamic parameters of the shaft for the actual measurements, through application of strain test technology and wireless sensor acquisition system, the shaft torque and bending moments are measured. Based on torque measurement, the shaft power is tested. Through the actual measurement of the shaft power, finding out that the stability of the shaft during operation, the shaft torque in all operating conditions do not change and the basic power of the increase are used to increase speed of shaft.Finally, under the straight shafting alignment state, the practical loads on the bearings when the bearings are replaced by Jack (including intermediate and stern tail bearings) are measured with jack and load sensor using improved jack-up method. Comparison with theoretical results, which are calculated in the software when the jack is regarded as a real support in the shafting alignment. So the result can evaluate the quality on the shafting alignment.更多还原