【作者】 肖玉强；

【导师】 陈光达；

【作者基本信息】 西安电子科技大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着现代工业的发展,各个领域中的生产和工程都已对大尺寸测量提出了期望和明确要求,数字摄影测量技术已广泛应用于大尺寸精密测量中。工业数字摄影测量是建立在专业像机摄影和计算机图像处理基础上的一门新兴检测技术,其研究的重点是物体的几何尺寸及物体在空间的位置、姿态等。数字成像器件模型及标定和高精度亚象素定位技术是数字摄影测量中的核心技术。本文重点分析了数字摄影测量的基本原理,结合数字摄影的成像模型,严格推导了摄影测量学中的共线方程。首先,通过对数字图像处理技术、Hough变换的基本原理和亚像素定位技术的深入研究,提出了一种基于Hough变换的用于检测直线和圆的亚像素定位算法;然后通过对经典模型和标定方法研究,提出了一个新的标定模型和基于二维直接线性变换的修正、求解方法。接下来,对亚像素定位算法和摄像机参数标定算法进行了仿真和实验,效果良好,亚像素定位精度能达到0.02pixel,摄像系统标定误差控制在0.005mm以内。最后,结合图像测量技术和本文的研究成果,实现了一套数字摄影测量系统。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of modern industry, large-size measurements have been made clear expectations and requirements in various fields of production and engineering, digital photogrammetry technology has been widely used in large-size precision measurement. Industrial digital photogrammetry is a new detection technology which is based on the professional camera photography and computer image processing, its research focused on the geometry size and location of objects in space, posture and so on. Digital imaging device model and the calibration and high precision sub-pixel positioning is the core technology in digital photogrammetry.This article focuses on the analysis of basic principles of digital photogrammetry, combined with digital photography imaging model, strictly derived photogrammetry in the total line equation. First, through the deep study of digital image processing techniques, the basic principle of Hough transform and sub-pixel positioning technology, a new method is proposed based on Hough transform for detecting straight lines and circular sub-pixel location algorithm; Second, through the research on classical model and calibration method, a new calibration model and its amendment, solution method which is based on two-dimensional direct linear transformation is proposed. Next, pairs of sub-pixel location algorithm and camera calibration algorithm have been checked by simulation and experiment,its results were very good, sub-pixel positioning accuracy can reach 0.02pixel, camera system calibration error can control within 0.005mm. Finally, with the combination of image measurement techniques and the results of the research of this paper, designed and implemented a set of digital photogrammetry measurement system.更多还原