【作者】 杨明；

【导师】 蒋惠亮；

【作者基本信息】 江南大学 ， 化学工艺， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本文主要研究内容如下:以脂肪醇、环氧氯丙烷、氯乙酸钠等为原料制备一种新型的“绿色”阴离子表面活性剂。实验共分三步:十二烷基缩水甘油醚(AGE)的合成、十二烷基甘油醚羧酸盐的合成、十二烷基甘油醚羧酸盐的一系列性能测定。1、合成中间产物AGE。分别通过单因素实验和正交实验考察了各因素对反应的影响,找出四个主要影响因素,影响程度大小为n(氢氧化钠):n(十二醇)>反应时间>n(十二醇):n(环氧氯丙烷)>反应温度,在此基础上进行了优化实验,综合考虑得到最佳工艺条件为:n(十二醇):n(氢氧化钠)=1:1.2,反应时间5 h,n(十二醇):n(环氧氯丙烷)=1:1.3,反应温度为50℃,产率可达92.9 %。2、利用AGE的水解产物和氯乙酸钠合成十二烷基甘油醚羧酸盐。首先通过单因素实验分析各工艺参数对AGE水解反应的影响,得出最佳反应条件为:反应温度65℃,V(AGE):V(水解液)=1:2,反应时间5 h,对甲苯磺酸的浓度为8 %。然后根据单因素和正交实验结果,得到主因素对终产物产率的影响程度为:反应温度>反应时间>反应物物质的量之比,最优工艺参数为n(十二烷基甘油醚):n(氢氧化钠):n(氯乙酸钠)=1:1.6:1.25,反应时间6 h,反应温度为100℃,产率可达86 %以上。3、测定十二烷基甘油醚羧酸盐的性能,并将其与LAS、AEO7相关性能进行比较,结果表明,其具有良好的降低表面张力、稳泡、润湿、乳化、钙皂分散性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Main contents of this article as follows:With alcohols, epichlorohydrin, chloroacetic acid and sodium for the preparation of a new type of green anionic surfactant, experiments were composed by three steps: synthesis on dodecyl glycidyl ether (AGE), synthesis on dodecyl glycerol ether carboxylate, series of performance measurement of dodecyl glycerol ether carboxylate.1. Study on intermediates AGE. Respectively, through single-factor experiments and orthogonal experiment, the impacts of various factors on the obtained sequence of four main factors were examined, n (NaOH): n (dodecanol) > reaction time> n (dodecanol): n (epichlorohydrin) >reaction temperature. On this basis, experiment was optimized, the optimum conditions:n(dodecanol):n(NaOH)=1:1.2, reaction time 5 h, n(dodecanol): n(epichlorohydrin) =1:1.3, reaction temperature was 50℃, the yield was up to 92.9%.2. Study on the hydrolysis of AGE products and chloroacetic acid sodium dodecyl glycerol ether carboxylate. First through the single-factor experimental analysis of various process parameters on the impact of AGE hydrolysis reaction, the optimum reaction conditions: reaction temperature 65℃, V (AGE): V (hydrolyzate) = 1:2, reaction time 5 h, right tosylate concentration of 8%. Then according to the results of single factor and orthogonal experiment, the order of the main factors on the yield of the reaction was: temperature, reaction time, the amount of reactant material ratio. The optimum process parameters for the n (dodecanol ether): n (sodium hydroxide): n (sodium chloroacetate) = 1:1.6:1.25, reaction time 6 h, the reaction temperature was 100℃, the yield was up to more than 86%.3. Properties of dodecanol ether carboxylate were measured. Rresults showed that it had the lower surface tension and good stable foam, wetting, emulsifying, dispersing force.更多还原