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马克思关于人存在的理论及其当代意义
【作者】 谭家伟；
【导师】 徐圻；
【作者基本信息】 贵州大学 ， 外国哲学， 2009， 硕士
【摘要】 对于人在劳动中自我诞生的原理,曾有一种误解,以为马克思所讲的劳动创造人,是劳动使人从猿猴进化为人。本文首先指出的是,马克思在此原理中所讲的“人”,并不是生物意义上所指的自然物种的人,而是说,作为人的人所具有的主体的地位,他的存在的普遍性,他对自然界的自由关系,都是劳动的产物和结果；并运用了马克思关于劳动对于人类社会的基础作用,分析了资本主义社会产生异化的社会结构,批判性地指出资本主义社会下人的异化的表现,在此基础上,构建了关于共产主义社会中人“存在”状态的构想；马克思劳动理论中蕴含着深厚的人文关怀精神,包含着对人的尊严、自由和权利的执着追求,为我们在社会实践活动中,怎样从人文精神的高度,科学合理地处理社会生活各要素的协调性和整体性关系,提供了科学思路和思维方法,对构建社会主义和谐社会的具有重要指导意义。
【Abstract】 Talking about the principle of human’s self-born from labouring, there have been a misunderstanding that Marx considered that labouring,creats human, the evolution of apes to human deponds on laboring. My paper points out first that in this principle of Marx, the concept of "human", is not the natural person. This concept is defined that human have the main status, the universality of human being, the free relation-ship of human and natural environment, are the products and results of laboring. My paper uses the principle of that laboring plays a foundation part in human society, analysis the lienation structure of capitalist society, critical that the alienation of human performance in capitalist society. On this basis, constructed the concept of the human "presence" in communist society; Marxist labor theory contains the spirit of humanistic care, including pursuit of human dignity, liberty and rights,provides a scientific train of thought and way of thinking to tell how to deal with relationship between the elements of social life and overall coordination in our social activities more scientificly and reasonablely with the humanistic spirit,and it has important guiding significance in building a harmonious society.