美国小企业的技术创新系统及其作用机制

【作者】 胡冰；

【导师】 华民；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 世界经济， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 理论和实证研究显示,小企业和大企业在技术创新上分别拥有各自的优劣势。在欧美经济发达国家,小企业因在技术创新上的突出贡献,被誉为经济发展中最为重要的变革因素。与其他经济发达国家相比,美国小企业的技术创新活动更为活跃,技术创新成果更为显著。毋庸置疑,美国小企业在经营运作上一定具有独特的过人之处方可取得如此突出的成就。但同样显而易见的是,小企业自身的能力和意愿并不足以支持技术创新精英从中源源不断地涌现。要诠释美国的这一经济现象,必须超越小企业的微观运作,深入探究其经济系统和作用机制所在。本文首先概述了美国小企业的发展和技术创新表现,然后重点对美国小企业的技术创新系统进行了分解和阐释。最后,根据我国中小企业的经营现状,笔者向政府提出了五点实施性较强的政策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Both theoretical and empirical studies indicate that small firms and large firms respectively have strengths and weaknesses in technological innovation. In developed economies, small firms may well be most important to the economy as agents of change signaled by the fact that they have made significant contribution to the development of new technologies. In comparison, American small firms are more active and have achieved more success in technological innovation activities. It is unanimously acknowledged that American small firms are more technology-oriented, but this is not sufficient for explaining why technological innovators continuously emerge from them. In order to have a better understanding about this typical American phenomenon, it is necessary to analyze in the perspective of technological innovation system. After a literature review of technological innovation and a summary of American small firms’ development, the author investigates the technological innovation system in the United States of America. The system is broken down into economic environment, technological environment and business operation, each of which is further detailed with insights into its mechanism. The paper ends with some policy recommendations to the Chinese government.更多还原