【作者】 刘建宽；

【导师】 赵鹏祥；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 林业， 2009， 硕士

【副题名】以府谷县为例

【摘要】 府谷县在历史上是一个山川秀美、森林茂盛、土地肥沃的地方,但由于人口的不断增加,长期的乱砍滥伐以及大规模的矿区开发,使生态环境遭到了严重破坏,水土流失严重,生存环境日趋恶化。府谷县矿区集煤炭资源开采、利用与土地资源占用和破坏为一体,是资源、环境与人口矛盾相对集中显现的区域之一。开展矿区植被保护与生态恢复的研究是府谷县经济社会发展的客观要求,对促进府谷县矿山企业优化生产布局、避免和减少塌陷灾害的发生,进而实现矿区的可持续发展具有十分重要的现实意义。本研究以府谷县矿区为研究对象,针对矿区植被保护与生态恢复的现状和存在的主要问题,在系统分析矿区植被破坏原因的基础上,提出了一系列矿区植被保护与恢复的措施,其主要研究结论如下:1研究指出了府谷县矿区生态恢复治理存在的主要问题是:矿区水资源短缺与浪费并存;矿区森林植被减少;水土流失严重;生态环境急剧恶化;自然灾害频繁等。2研究结果表明,府谷县矿区的生态环境问题具有深刻复杂的原因,主要表现在:由人口的大量增加造成;由长期不合理的开发和耕作造成;由生态环境极为脆弱造成的;由建国以来工业开发和城市建设造成的。3提出了矿区植被保护与生态恢复的措施建议:矿山开发与矿山环境防治统一规划合理布局;防治并重、治管结合、强化管理、重视预防、突出重点;矿区开发建设要与水土保持相结合;以建设高产农田解决粮食问题为突破口,推进矿区的综合治理;大力种树种草,加强植被建设。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fugu County, a place that the mountains and rivers is elegant, forest is exuberant and soil is fertile in history. With the population increasing year by year, the long range destructive lumbering of forests and severe loss of soil and water, the ecological environment has been destroyed in Fugu County. Combining coal exploitation and utilization, land resources engross and destroy; Fugu County has become a special area among resources, environment and population. Researching on vegetation protection and ecological recovering in Fugu County has become an important thing for social economic development. It will be useful for optimizing production arrangement, avoiding and reducing caved disaster, and realizing sustainable development in mining area.Take Fugu county as an example, this article based on the status in quo and the main problems of vegetation protection and ecological recovering in mining area, the main reasons of vegetation destroy has been analyzed, a series of measures for vegetation protection and ecological recovering have been also put forwarded. Research results were as follows:1. The main problems within ecological recovering control in Fugu County were water recourses lack and waste water in the same time, the forest recourses decreased, water and soil erosion heavily, ecological environment become worse and worse, and natural disaster take place high frequency.2 Research results shows that the reasons of ecological environment destroy in Fugu County were (1) the population increased quickly; (2) unreasonable develop and cultivation; (3) ecological environment very frailty; and (4) industry develop and city contracture.3 The measures for vegetation protection and ecological recovering in Fugu County have been put forwarded as follows: (1) Mine develop and mine environment protect need planning unify and reasonable distribution; (2) prevent and control in the same time, stand out keystone; (3) combining mine develop with water and soil protect; (4) built high output farmland as a breakthrough, boosting integrated control in mine area; and (5) planning tree and grass energetically to construct vegetation.更多还原