【作者】 陈继清；

【导师】 荆双喜；

【作者基本信息】 河南理工大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 齿轮箱传动是机械设备中最常见的传动方式之一,同时,齿轮箱是设备中容易失效的部件,它的异常又是诱发机器故障的重要原因,因此对齿轮箱进行准确、及时的故障诊断是非常重要的。以往常用于故障诊断的方法有傅里叶变换,短时傅立叶变换、Wigner-Ville分布、小波变换方法。但是这些方法都是基于傅里叶变换为基础,对平稳信号的分析有很大优势,而对瞬时时变信号不适应,无法得到信号各频率分量随时间的变化关系。针对故障时振动信号的非线性、非平稳性,论文采用Hilbert-Huang变换的时频分析方法。Hilbert-Huang变换方法是一种新的信号处理方法,包括经验模式分解(EMD)和Hilbert变换两部分。它将信号分解为有限个数的本征模函数(IMF)之和,然后对每个IMF进行Hilbert变换,得到Hilbert谱,具有很高的时频分辨率。论文重点分析了Hilbert-Huang变换的基本理论、算法过程和物理意义,并通过仿真例子说明方法的优越性。针对齿轮箱的振动机理,典型的故障特征,以及常用的故障诊断方法等因素,把Hilbert-Huang变换方法应用于提升机齿轮箱的故障诊断中。首先通过简易的振动测试,判断齿轮箱有故障的部位,然后再用Hilbert-Huang变换进行精密的诊断。通过分析对比得到的幅值谱,Hilbert-Huang谱图,以及边际谱图,成功的诊断出齿轮的磨损,以及齿轮之间存在调制影响的故障。更多还原

【Abstract】 Gearbox transmission is one of the most popular in the machinery and equipment. At the same time, gearbox is the easy inactivation part in equipment and its abnormal is also the important factor to inducing failure of machinery. So it is very critical to diagnose gearbox faults accurately and quickly. The method we use in fault diagnose include Fourier Transform, Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT), Wigner-Vill Distribution and Wavelet Analysis usually. But these methods are base on Fourier Transform, and predominance to analyze the stable signal not the instantaneous. It can not get the signal instant frequency with temporal change.In view of the fault vibration signal non-linearity, non-stationary, the paper uses the Hilbert-Huang Transform time-frequency analysis method. The Hilbert-Huang Transform is a new method for analyzing signal, consists of two successive parts, the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and the Hilbert transform. It decomposes the complicated signal into a number of Intrinsic Mode Function (IMF), and then the Hilbert transform is performed on each IMF, and the Hilbert spectra of all IMFs are grouped to get the Hilbert spectrum of the original signal, which possesses high time-frequency resolution. So the key point of paper analyzes the basic principle, the arithmetic, and the physics significance of Hilbert-Huang Transform, shows the superiority though emulation example.Against the vibration mechanics, the typical fault feature of gearbox and the common fault diagnosis method, the Hilbert-Huang Transform is applied in elevator conveyor gearbox fault diagnosis. Firstly identify fault position of gearbox though simplify vibration measurement, and then use the Hilbert-Huang Transform to diagnosis delicately. According to analyze, compare the magnitude spectrum, the Hilbert-Huang spectrum, and the marginal spectrum, diagnosis the fault of gear abrasion and modulation effect between gears successfully.更多还原