【作者】 林文品；

【导师】 曲延滨；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 电气工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 最近的统计数据显示,中国大约还有29000个村庄的约700万个家庭至今未能用上电。这些县、乡、村和数百万个分散的家庭主要分布在中国西部省份的边远地区,以及东部沿海的一些岛屿上。无电缺电在很大程度上制约了当地经济的发展。另一方面,中国的这些西部省份和沿海岛屿有着极丰富的风能和太阳能资源。他们中的大部分完全可以利用既环保又经济的可再生能源来解决他们的用电问题。对于独立运行的户用型风力发电系统,最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)控制是提高功率转换效率的重要方法,合理的蓄电池管理和控制是延长其寿命的重要手段。本文给出了结合MPPT控制、蓄电池充放电控制以及风机保护的功率控制策略,以期实现独立运行的户用型风力发电系统的优化及可靠运行。论文首先介绍了课题的背景、目的和意义,综述了国内外风力发电发展概况;给出了支持功率控制策略且结构简单的户用型风力发电系统结构,它包括风力机、永磁同步发电机(PMSG)、二极管整流桥、Buck变换器、蓄电池、逆变器和控制器;为将空气动力学、机械学、电机学、电力电子技术等组成风力发电技术的理论应用于实际风力发电系统中,构建了直驱式永磁同步风力发电机仿真系统,将数学模型模块化,仿真结果验证了所搭建的风电控制系统的可行性,同时对硬件电路的设计与参数的选择具有一定的指导意义。其次,从发电机保护、蓄电池保护以及最大功率跟踪三个方面阐述了户用型风力发电系统的功率控制思想。并在分析了叶尖速比控制、功率信号反馈控制和传统爬山搜索算法等几种现有的最大功率点跟踪策略的基础上,提出一种新的MPPT策略;基于系统模型,进行了MPPT控制的仿真验证,结果表明了新的MPPT策略的优越性。最后,设计了户用型风力发电机系统控制器中用于功率变换的整流电路、直流升压电路、逆变电路以及控制电路等电气环节,给出了电气参数的计算方法与电路结构的设计方案,并结合新型最大功率跟踪策略编写了相关软件。相应算法在matlab中的仿真结果验证了设计的正确性和优越性。更多还原

【Abstract】 New statistics shows that about 29,000 villages, 7,000,000 families haven’t use electricity till now in China. These countries and villages include millions of families are disperse and distributed in western China and the southeastern littoral islands. They are out of the way. By lake of or out of the power, local economic development was restricted extremely. On the other hand, these areas are full of wind and solar. The economical and reproduced resource could be made use of solving the power problem for most of the families.For Home-typed wind power generation systems, the Maximum Power Point Tracking(MPPT)control is an important method of improving power conversion efficiency, and the reasonable management and control of battery is an important means of prolonging their life. A power control strategy, which combines with MPPT control, charging and discharging control of batteries and wind turbine protecting control, is given to make the Home-typed wind power generation systems to operate in both optimal and reliable conditions in this thesis.Firstly, the background of research work is introduced, and the domestic and oversea development of wind power is summarized. Home-typed wind power generation systems which support power control strategy and have simple structures are put forward. And they consists of wind turbine, PMSG, diode rectify bridge, Buck converter, batteries, and controller, Based on the analysis of work system principle, the wind power technology is based on the aerodynamics, mechanics, electrical engineering and power electronic technology, for the purpose of utilizing it in the practical wind power system, the simulation system is built to modularize the mathematical model and used to prove the feasibility of the system and direct the design the whole system.Secondly, Thesis expatiate wind generating system power control policy separately in generator protection, battery protection, and maximum power tracking aspects. After analyzing Tip-Speed-Ratio Control, Power Signal Feedback Control and Hill-Climb Searching Control MPPT methods, a new MPPT method is put forward and be validated in the system model, the simulation result make it clear that the new method has some superiority.Finally, the electrical parts like rectifier, buck circuit and the inverter are designed; the methods of calculating the parameters and the design project of circuit’s structure are presented. Software, which is validated in Matlab, based on new MPPT method is programmed. Simulation results approved the correctness and advantage of the system design.更多还原