【作者】 夏宁；

【导师】 刘瑞叶；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 电气工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 随着能源危机的不断加剧,新能源发电成为迫切的需求。风力发电由于开发潜力大而得到了较快的发展,越来越多的风电机组投入并网运行。风电机组中的异步发电机在风能波动和电网发生扰动时需要吸收大量的无功功率,以维持机组的正常运行和电压稳定。采用并联无功补偿装置来提供无功,是改善风电机组输出功率和稳定电压的较好方法,静止无功发生器SVG是FACTS中较好的补偿装置,研究SVG的控制策略,使其在风电机组需要无功时能提供较好的无功补偿,这对风电机组的运行和电压性能的调节具有重要的意义。本文首先研究了SVG的基本工作原理和工作方式,通过推导建立了其数学模型,并对主要参数进行了选择。研究了基于瞬时无功理论的SVG无功电流检测方法,研究了SVG电流间接控制和直接控制的基本方法,并在此基础上设计了SVG的传统PI控制器,进行补偿控制。详细分析了风电系统的组成及特点,分别对风速、风力机、发电机的相关理论进行了分析,并建立了各自的数学模型,这为风电系统的仿真研究打下了基础。由于风电系统具有较强的非线性,在采用传统PI方法对接入风电系统的SVG进行控制时,接入的SVG对风电机组提供的补偿效果不太理想,本文提出采用自调整模糊控制方法对SVG进行控制,它具有较强的鲁棒性及全局优化的特点。研究了自调整模糊控制器的组成及控制规则设计的相关理论。设计了SVG的自调整模糊控制器,把采用此控制方法的SVG应用到风电机组的补偿中,可在风速波动和电网扰动时发挥更好的补偿效果,较好地调节电压性能。最后,为了更好地稳定风电机组的输出功率及电压,本文研究了风力机的桨距调节系统,桨距调节对机组输出功率的稳定有很大影响。针对风机桨距非线性动态变化的特点,尝试把自调整模糊控制引入到桨距调节中,设计了模糊变桨距控制器代替PI变桨距,可以大大提高桨距调节的性能,在风速波动和扰动发生时,能较快稳定发电机的输出功率,同时对并网电压性能也起到积极的改善作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the growing energy crisis, new energy power generation has become an urgent demand. Wind power generation has been developed rapidly due to its large potential, so more and more wind electric engine groups are dived into network operation. The asynchronous generators of wind turbine system need to absorb a large number of reactive power when wind power fluctuating and network disturbance occurring to maintain normal operation of units and the voltage stabilization. The use of parallel reactive power compensation device to provide reactive power is a better way to improve power of the wind electric engine groups and stabilize voltage. Static var generator (SVG) is a better compensation device in FACTS. The research of control strategy of SVG to provide better compensation on fan when the wind turbine system need reactive power is of great significance to the operation of wind electric engine groups and the regulation of voltage performance.This article investigates the basic working principles and working methods of SVG initially, then builds its mathematical model through derivation and the main parameters are chose. The detection method of SVG reactive current which based on instantaneous reactive theory is studied and the basic theory of current indirect control and direct control of SVG is construed, then on this basis the traditional PI controller of SVG is designed for compensation control. This paper Labors composition and characteristic of the wind power system, the correlation theory on wind speed, wind turbine and generator is analyzed respectively and founds mathematical models of their own, which makes a foundation for simulation and study of the wind power system.As a result of the wind power system has a strong non-linear, when use the traditional PI methods to control the SVG which access to wind power system, the compensation of SVG provide for the wind turbine effect is less than ideal. This paper proposes the adoption of self-adjustable fuzzy control method which has strong robustness and global optimization characteristics, studies the composition of self-adjustable fuzzy controller and the mutuality theory of control rules designing, moreover, designs the self-adjustable fuzzy controller of SVG then applies it to the compensation of wind electric engine groups, this can play better compensation effect in the wind speed fluctuations and network disturbances, also preferably regulate the voltage performance.Finally, in order to stabilize output power and voltage of the wind electric engine groups better, the pitch adjustment system of wind power engine is studied because pitch adjustment has a great impact on stability of output power of units. Aim at the characteristics of non-linear dynamic changes of fan pitch, this paper tries to introduce self-adjustable fuzzy control into pitch adjustment. The fuzzy variable pitch controller is designed to replace PI variable pitch, this can greatly enhance the performance of pitch adjustment and quickly stabilize the output power of generators when wind speed fluctuating and disturbance arising, at the same time makes a positive improvement for network voltage performance.更多还原