【作者】 段红杰；

【导师】 欧爱民；

【作者基本信息】 湘潭大学 ， 宪法学与行政法学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 运动员权利是指运动员依据其在社会生活和竞技体育中的法律地位,在宪法和法律规定的范围内,以作为或不作为的形式实现其物质利益和精神利益的权利。作为普通公民,运动员享有宪法规定的基本权利,如:平等权、受教育权等;但是,由于身份的特殊性使其还享有因职业而获得的特殊权利,如:公平竞争参赛权、注册权、训练自主权等。目前,国际体育组织的宪章、章程、规则中很少有关于运动员权利的明确阐述,我国有关运动员权益的专门立法也很不完善,不仅表现在对相关问题的规制缺乏统一的法律规定,而且在仅有的零星而现行行政规章中,绝大多数都是以义务本位为其制定的出发点,缺乏对运动员权利的保护,导致在实践中侵犯运动员权利的现象时常发生。这不仅严重束缚了运动员的积极性,也严重阻碍了我国体育事业的发展。因此,有必要对其进行研究。当前,完善运动员权利的保障机制成为体育事业发展过程中亟待解决的课题。本文运用文献资料、案例分析以及逻辑分析等多种研究方法,结合我国体育运动发展的实际状况,从运动员的定义和特点以及运动员权利的内涵入手,通过对运动员权利体系的探讨,将侵犯运动员权利的行为进行类型化,认为侵犯运动员权利的行为包括以下四种,即:侵犯运动员健康权的行为、侵犯运动员程序性权利的行为、侵犯运动员公平竞争权的行为、侵犯运动员劳动报酬权的行为和侵犯运动员教育权的行为。在此基础上,文章结合一些实际案例,阐述了我国运动员权利保障以及运动员权利救济的现状,认为应当从以下几方面来完善我国运动员权利的保障机制:第一,应加强运动员权益保护的立法;第二,应成立运动员工会;第三,应加强运动项目协会的保护;第四,建立保障运动员文化教育权的监督机构;第五,加强体育行政管理部门以及运动员自身的法律意识;第六,完善运动员权利保障的救济体系。希望拙文能为完善我国运动员权利保障体系尽一份绵薄之力。更多还原

【Abstract】 The right of athletes is based on the legal status of their social life and athletic sports and the legal means the realization of their material interests and moral interests in the form of acting or omission in the limits prescribed by law. As a private citizen, the athletes not only enjoy the fundamental rights stipulated by the constitution, such as equal rights、education rights, etc. Whereas,based on the identity of special professional nature, the athletes also enjoy special rights, such as the right of fair competition、registration rights、training rights, etc. At present, there is rarely a clear exposition of the rights of the athletes in the charter, statutes, rules of the international sports organizations, the rights and interests of the athletes is also need to be improve in China. Not only lack of a unified system of law in the regulation of issues ,but also the rights and interests of the athletes only exist in a few very specific the administrative regulations. In the only a small number of rules and regulations, the vast majority of obligations are based on Obligation-based ,and lack the protection of the rights of athletes, leading to violations of the rights of the athletes occurred from time to time. This has severely constrained not only the enthusiasm of the athletes, but also seriously hindered the development of sports in our country. Therefore, it is necessary to study it. At present, perfecting the safeguards the rights of athletes is a urgent issues in the sports development.Combined with China’s actual situation of sports development, using of literature, expert interviews, case analysis and research methods, as well as the logic of methods, from the definition and characteristics of athletes and starting with the connotation of the athletes’ right, through the discussion of the right system of Athletes, the author typecast the behaviour of violating the rights of athletes, and divide them into violating health right, violating the procedures right for the conduct of athletes, violating the right to acts of unfair competition, violating the right of athletes remuneration practices and violations of athletes acts such as the right to education; On this basis, combined with the number of actual cases, described on the protection of the rights of our athletes status quo, as well as the right to relief to the status of athletes . The author believes that should be to improve the protection of the rights of our athletes mechanism from the following aspects :Frist, Country should strengthen legislation to protect the rights and interests of athletes; Second ,the athletes should be set up trade unions; Third, should strengthen the protection of National sports associations ; Fourth, should be established the Oversight bodies which is the Culture and education to protect the right of athletes; Fifth, should be strengthen the awareness of the law about Sports administration and the athletes; Six shoule be improved the protection of the athletes’rights of the relief system. The author hope that this paper can improve the security system of China’s athletes the right .更多还原