【作者】 刘艳萍；

【导师】 胡庆立；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 岩土工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国公路交通的快速发展,公路路面面临着前所未有的考验,特别是占路面类型多数的沥青路面甚至在通车几年就出现了车辙、开裂、泛油、坑槽等早期损坏现象,给国民经济带来了巨大的损失。因此,如何预防沥青路面出现病害成为亟待解决的问题。其中一个切实可行的方法就是进行沥青路面监测,通过监测数据分析原因并进行质量评定,为路面养护和改进设计提供可靠的依据。鉴于光纤光栅在结构健康监测中应用的优越性,本文拟采用光纤光栅传感器对路面进行应变监测。但是传统的光纤光栅传感器存在模量大、尺寸大等缺点,直接拿来用于沥青路面的测试,不能反映沥青路面的真实应变。基于这种情况,本文研发了一种橡胶封装FBG竖向应变传感器用于测量沥青路面的竖向应变。首先,详细阐述橡胶封装FBG竖向应变传感器的设计思想;用力学的方法对传感器长度分析计算;采用有限元软件ABAQUS模拟传感器布设到沥青路面的情况,根据协调性原理,优化了橡胶和锚片的直径,并选择合适的灌浆材料。其次,详细介绍了橡胶封装FBG应变传感器的设计原理和制作工艺,并在此基础上探讨了两个光栅串的橡胶封装FBG分布式应变传感器的制作方法。再次,为了检验橡胶封装FBG应变传感器的线性度、重复性、灵敏度等传感性能,对其进行了标定试验;通过电镜扫描对传感器的微观结构进行深入研究。最后,将研发的橡胶封装FBG应变传感器埋设到混凝土柱中,研究其是否能实现结构的准确测量;埋设到沥青混凝土试件中,检验其实际应用性能。结果表明,橡胶封装FBG应变传感器的自身的传感性能良好,但是用于实际沥青混凝土路面的埋设工艺还有待进一步研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of highway traffic, pavement structures, dominated by asphalt pavement, are confronting trying challenges, especially, such early damage phenomena of asphalt pavement as rutting, cracking, flushing, pit slot and so on usually appear shortly after it was open to traffic. In view of this, the strain monitoring of asphalt pavement, as one of feasible measures to diagnose the pavement disease , has been well applied for the quality evaluation based on the analysis of the monitoring data, which can provide reliable guidance for the maintenance and improved design of pavement.As a result of its special superiority in Health Monitoring, FBG sensors are adopted to monitor the strain of asphalt pavement. However, traditional FBG sensors can’t reflect real strain of asphalt pavement due to its large -modulus and large-size. Based on the above, a new type of FBG sensor packaged by rubber, used for the vertical strain monitoring of asphalt pavement, was researched.Firstly,the design idea of FBG vertical strain sensors encapsulated by rubber, according to the previous achievement, was described in detail; the appropriate length was preliminarily determined based on the force analysis of sensors; the deformation compatibility of sensors placed in the asphalt pavement were simulated by ABAQUS and, the diameters of rubber bar and anchors were optimized according to the simulated results and consonance principle, meanwhile, the optimum grouting material was also determined.Secondly, the design principle and production process of FBG strain sensors encapsulated by rubber, was discussed emphatically. And then , a brief introduction was made on the manufacturing method of the two element FBG strain sensors string.Thirdly, the calibration experiment of FBG strain sensors was carried out to measure such sensing properties as linearity, repeatability and sensitivity; the microscopic structure of FBG sensor was also lucubrated by SEM test.Finally, the proposed sensors were embedded in ordinary concrete specimens and asphalt concrete specimens to respectively test their operability and application performance.The testing results show that the proposed sensor features good sensing property, while its application in asphalt pavement, however, needs further study.更多还原