【作者】 栗晓东；

【导师】 刘晓为； 谭晓昀；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 微电子学与固体电子学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着高速铁路的发展,传统的通过人工检测过往车辆与车站安全信息的方法己不能满足现有铁路安全运行的需要。利用无线传感器网络实现铁路现场车辆状态实时模拟以及无人车辆溜车自动报警等技术,是铁路安全信息传输现代化的重要突破。在无线传感器网络中,介质访问控制MAC(Medium Access Control)协议决定了网络中数据帧的格式、信道的使用方式、以及在传感器节点间分配有限的通信资源的方式,可以说MAC层构建了传感器网络数据传输的基本结构。MAC层协议对传感器网络的性能有较大的影响,是保障无线传感器网络高效运作的关键协议之一。本论文以研发新一代铁路溜车检测报警系统数据处理模块的技术解决方案为目的,首先对无线传感器网络的几种拓扑结构和MAC层协议进行了介绍;接着重点研究如何使用可编程逻辑器件替代单片机来实现无线传感器网络中MAC层协议部分,从而解决前一版电路中接收状态下因单片机按时钟信号触发中断而大量占用单片机资源的问题;最后采用ALTERA ACEX 1K器件,利用自顶向下的模块化设计方法实现了高速、稳定、大容量、可靠性好的铁路溜车检测报警系统MAC层的目标。同时给出了仿真结果的波形图,从时序仿真结果可以看出软件程序符合最初的设想,最后绘制了硬件电路,进行了硬件下载验证并达到了预定的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of high-speed railway, the traditional artificial supervision can not meet the existing railway security operation. Using technology of wireless sensor networks to realize the real-time simulation of the railway scene and nobody vehicles slipping auto-alarm, it is important breakthroughs of safe railway modernization.In wireless sensor networks, the MAC(Medium Access Control)protocol determines the network data frame format, channel usage, and the sensor nodes how to allocate limited resources of communication, it can be said MAC layer built the basic structure of data transmission of a sensor network. MAC layer have a great influence on the performance of sensor networks, it is one of the key protocol to protect wireless sensor networks efficient communications.In this paper, as developing data-processing module technology in a new generation of train slipping detection alarm system for the purpose, the first of several wireless sensor network topology and MAC layer protocol was introduced, and then give a detailed exposition, which focus on how to use programmable logic devices to achieve wireless sensor networks in the MAC layer part of the protocol, so as to solve a problem in the previous version of the circuit, that MCU interrupted according to the clock signal triggering in the receiving state, the MCU resources massively wasted. so as to achieve high-speed, stable, large capacity, reliability good railway slipped detection alarm system, we proposed the scheme that utilized ALTERA ACEX 1K devices to design MAC layer data communication chip by way of Top-Down, while the waveform of the timing simulation results can be seen, which we can know the program accord with the original idea, at last we draw the final hardware circuits, and also downloaded to verify the scheduled requirements.更多还原