【作者】 黄旭珍；

【导师】 李立毅；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 电机与电器， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 在航天、军事及机械等领域,有诸多应用对电机提出了极限性能的要求,如高功率密度、高速、高转矩等。可以说,在目前电机设计分析理论渐趋成熟的条件下,对电机极限性能的追求是解决某些应用场合存在的电机空间体积限制与其性能之间矛盾的主要途径之一。电机性能的提高在一定程度上受限于它的发热温升。电机发热也是影响电机寿命和可靠性最主要因素,它不但对绕组的阻值和磁链产生影响,从而影响电机的工作性能,而且可能造成电机绝缘层破坏甚至烧毁等事故。对于具有极限性能的电机,确保其温升在允许范围之内是保证电机安全绝缘、可靠工作的关键。本文对具有功率密度的旋转型和直线型永磁同步电机的损耗温升进行研究。首先,本文通过对旋转型高功率密度永磁同步电机(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,简称为PMSM)电磁场计算,对其损耗进行计算研究。对受电机温升及集肤效应影响的铜耗进行计算;基于分离铁耗模型计算铁心损耗,研究运行工况变化时定子铁耗的变化规律。通过分析电机内热传导路径、具体工况下电机散热系数等,依据传热学原理建立PMSM的三维动态温度场计算模型,基于此模型对伺服系统中的高功率密度PMSM受转矩大范围变化、频繁加减速影响的温升特性进行研究,得到电机伺服响应过程中温度场分布及电机各部位温升规律。其次,比较分析了直线型与旋转型永磁同步电机发热散热的异同,计算了高推力密度永磁直线同步电机(Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor,简称为PMLSM)初级上的损耗,在此基础上建立其三维动态温度场计算模型。考虑该具有高推力密度的直线电机应用的特点,比较研究了不同工作制下初级的温度场分布和温升规律。最后,对高功率密度PMSM进行了损耗测试,并分别采用内置pt100及绕组法测量得到不同工作状态下电机的温升;通过实验测量研究了高推力PMLSM小电流情况下连续工作制和周期工作制时初级的温升。最后将实验结果与计算结果进行比较分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 In aerospace, military, machinery and other fields, many applications put forward the requirements of ultimated performances, such as high power density, high speed, high torque, and so on. It can be said that, under the current conditions that the motor technology is becoming mature, to pursuit the motor ultimated performances is one of the major approaches to solve the contradiction, which is between the requirement of small space , volume and the high motor performances.The improvement of motor performances is limited by its heat and temperature rise at a certain extent. Thermal problem is the major factor to influence motor life and reliability. The temperature rise affects winding resistance, flux linkage and other physical quantities, so it changes the motor running performance. In addition, the over-high temperature rise may cause the damage of insulation, and even burnout.of motor. Ensuring the temperature rise in the allowable safe range is important to guarantee the safety of insulation and reliability of the motor, which is with ultimated performance. This paper studies the heat and temperature rise of rotary and linear permanent magnet motor with ultimated performances.Firstly, the electromagnetic field of PMSM with high power density is calculated. Based on it, the loss is calculated and analyzed. The copper loss which is associated with temperature rise and skin effect is calculated. The separate core loss model is used to calculate the core loss, and the law of the core loss when the running condition of motor changes is researched.The thermal conduction routes and heat coefficients of motor in special conditions are analyzed. Based on the heat thansfer theory the three-dimensional (3D) transient temperature field is established. The temperature rise of PMSM in the special working conditions are analyzed, such as the state that the load changes in the large range and the speed accelerates and decelerates frequently. The law of the temperature field distribution and temperature rise is gained. Secondly, the thermal problems of rotary and linear PMSMs are compared. The primary loss of PMLSM is calculated, and the 3D transient temperature field is established. Considering the application characteristic of the PMLSM with high thrust density, the law of temperature field and rise when motor works in continuous and periodic working conditions are researched and compared.Lastly, the loss of PMSM is measured, and the temperature rise in different working conditions is gained by the methods of embedding pt100 and measuring winding resistance. Through experiments, the temperature rises of PMLSM with high thrust density in continuous and periodic working conditions are compared. All the experimental results are compared and analyzed with related calculated results.更多还原