【作者】 王纪鹏；

【导师】 梁严冰；

【作者基本信息】 延安大学 ， 中国近现代史， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 陕北贸易追溯起来具有悠久的历史。由于陕北处于中国北方游牧民族和长期从事农耕的汉民族的交界地带,因而它是各个民族政治、经济、文化相互交流和碰撞的一个比较集中的地带。在漫长的封建社会,它的经济发展比较的缓慢。到了近代,随着国际形式的变化及国内统治阶级政策的改变,经济的发展,交通的逐步改善,人口的增多,特别是陕北地区相对的社会稳定,经过人们的不断的辛勤开拓,近代陕北的农业、手工业、畜牧业、商业有了较快的发展。论文共包括五个大部分:第一部分概括介绍了近代陕北贸易发展的历史背景,包括陕北地理概念的界定、陕北的民族状况、近代陕北的经济发展状况。第二部分概括介绍了近代陕北贸易发展的历史进程,从三个阶段展开,即:晚清到民国建立之前的陕北贸易,民国建立到陕甘宁边区政府成立之前的陕北贸易及陕甘宁边区政府成立到中华人民共和国建立之前的陕北贸易。第三部分详细介绍了近代陕北商人贸易活动中所经营的商品种类、贸易的方式、进行商品贸易的场所、贸易管理制度及近代以来贸易路线的变迁。其中对贸易路线展开了划分,分为四大条,即:陕北东线沿黄河的贸易路线,蒙地-榆林-延安-铜川-西安路线,西部环甘肃、宁夏贸易路线以及北线陕北与内蒙古交界地带之贸易路线。第四部分对近代陕北贸易兴起及衰落的原因进行了探析,在这一部分中对近代以来陕北贸易政策的演进进行了梳理。陕北贸易兴盛的原因本文从当地经济的发展、交通及人口的影响、近代陕北商人的经营策略等几个方面进行了分析,对于近代陕北贸易衰落的原因则主要从战争、自然因素及政府政策等三个方面进行了探究。第五部分对近代陕北贸易在陕北、周边地区的地位与影响进行了历史的定位。最后在总结全文的基础上总结了在近代陕北贸易变迁中给我们提供的宝贵的历史经验与启示,从而为目前乃至今后陕北贸易政策的制定提供了可资之借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 The trade of North Shaanxi has a long history.North Shaanxi is the boundary between the nomads and the Han nationality which is engaged in angriculture for a long time.So it is a place which has a mutual collision of all ethnic groups’politics、the economy and the culture exchange. During the long feudal society,its economy developed slowly. Into modern times,the domestic ruling class had changed their policies because of the intenational form’s has changed.At the times,in North Shaanxi,the ecnomy developed,the transportation gradually improved and the population increased,especially the social stability of the region,underwent people’unceasing industrious development.The modern North Shaanxi’agriculture、the handcraft industry、the animal husbandry、the trade had a quick development.This dissertation includes five parts:the first part introduced the background of North Shaanxi trade in modern times which including the definition of geographical conception of North Shaanxi,ethnic groups’conditions and the modern state of the ecnomic development in North Shaanxi.The second part outlined the process of the development of North Shaanxi trade,it depicts from the three stages,namely:the North Shaanxi trade between late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China before its establishment;between the Republic of China and Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxi Border Region Government before its establishment;between Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxi Border Region Government and the People’Republic of China before its establishment.Third part includes the details of the modern North Shaanxi businessmen’operation in trade activities,including the running of commodity categories,the way of trade,commodity markets,the trade manegement system and trade routes which has changed since the modern society.The trade routes which was divided into four,namely:North Shaanxi east route along the Yellow River,Mogolia-Yulin-Yan’an-Tongchuan-Xi’an route,Western link Gansu-Ningxia trade as well as north line of trade route between northern Shaanxi border and Inner Mogolia’border.The fourth part which discussed the reasons of rise and decline of trade in North Shaanxi,the prosperous reasons which depicted from the local economy’development,the influence of transpotation and population,the North Shaanxi’merchants’management strategy and so on;the decline of the trade which mainly depicted from the war、natural factors and the government’policies.The fifth part is mainly about the North Shaanxi trade whose influence to North Shaanxi and the surounding areas.Finally,summed up the valuable historical experience and enlightenment on the base of modern trade of North Shaanxi which aims at providing serve in order to further promote the development of Shaanxi’trade.更多还原