【作者】 谷镜；

【导师】 程晓建；

【作者基本信息】 浙江林学院 ， 森林培育， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 杨梅具有较高的经济、生态和社会效益,研究东魁、荸荠种杨梅的光合生理生态特性,旨在为优良品种选择和高效栽培管理提供科学依据。本研究以位于浙江林学院东湖校区的东魁和荸荠种杨梅为试材,于2008年4月至12月对两者的光合作用进行了研究,并观测了两者叶片的解剖特性,测定了比叶重、叶绿素和糖含量等方面的参数。结果如下:1东魁和荸荠种杨梅净光合速率日变化在12月为“单峰”型曲线,在4月、7月和9月呈现“双峰”型曲线,具有明显的光合“午休”现象,在4月和7月,两种杨梅的光合“午休”现象主要是由气孔因素引起的,在9月,非气孔因素对两种杨梅的光合“午休”影响较大;两种杨梅的净光合速率季节变化呈“单峰”型曲线,净光合速率值7月份最高,12月份最低。2两种杨梅的光补偿点在25-53μmol·m-2·s^-1之间,光饱和点在335.05-700.09μmol·m-2·s^-1之间,具有阳生植物的特性;东魁和荸荠种杨梅的CO2补偿点分别为39.764μmol·m-2·s^-1和33.941μmol·m-2·s^-1,CO2饱和点分别为1030.000μmol·m-2·s^-1和1173.333μmol·m-2·s^-1,东魁杨梅在可利用光强范围、羧化效率和最大净光合速率方面强于荸荠种杨梅。3东魁杨梅新叶（展叶10 d）、0.5年生、1年生和2年生叶片的净光合速率均高于同期荸荠种杨梅;不同品种不同叶幕层叶片的净光合速率有差异;不同品种不同方位叶片净光合速率大小也存在差别。4荸荠杨梅的比叶重高于东魁杨梅;两者净光合速率的日均值与比叶重有一定相关性;荸荠种杨梅叶绿素a、b和总含量稍高于东魁,两者叶绿素a/b值差别不大,叶绿素的差异不是引起杨梅品种间光合速率差异的主要原因;荸荠种杨梅叶片的可溶性糖、还原糖和淀粉含量均高于东魁,净光合速率日均值与两者叶片中的可溶性糖、还原糖和淀粉含量之间呈现出一定相关性。5东魁杨梅叶片气孔密度低于荸荠种,气孔长度和宽度则大于荸荠种,两者气孔长宽比差异不显著;气孔密度、气孔长度和宽度的差别可能是造成品种间光合速率差异的原因之一;两者叶片栅栏组织和海绵组织厚度、栅海比均没有显著差异,表明两者的叶片解剖结构可能对其光合作用的影响不明显。更多还原

【Abstract】 Myrica rubra has high economic, ecological and social benefits. Study on photosynthetic and physiological characteristics of dongkui and biqi red bayberry, the aim is providing scientific basis for superior variety selection and the efficient cultivation and management. In this paper, dongkui and biqi red bayberry are selected as test materials. The experiments are carried out during 2008.04^-12 by using the portable photosynthetic measurement LI-6400. The anatomical characteristics of leaves, specific leaf weight, the contents of chlorophyll and sugar etc. of dongkui and biqi are studied. The results are as follows:1. Diurnal changes of Pn of dongkui and biqi presents two peaks in April, July and September, while there is only one peak in December. The midday depressions of Pn in April and July are mainly due to stomatal factors, and non-stomatal factor has great influence on midday depression in September. Seasonal change of Pn of dongkui and biqi is a single peak curve, and the highest in July, the lowest in December.2. LCP of dongkui and biqi are within 25-53μmol·m-2·s^-1, and LSP are within 335.05-700.09μmol·m-2·s^-1, therefore dongkui and biqi have the characteristics of heliophyte. CCP of dongkui and biqi are respectively 39.764μmol·m-2·s^-1 and 33.941μmol·m-2·s^-1, and CSP are respectively 1030μmol·m-2·s^-1 and 1173.333μmol·m-2·s^-1. Dongkui has higher AQY, CE, Pm and larger range of available PAR than biqi.3. The Pn of young leaves （leaf expansion 10 d）, half-year-old leaves, one-year-old leaves, and two-year-old leaves of dongkui are higher than biqi. There are different Pn in different location canopy leaves of dongkui and biqi red bayberry, there also existed some differences in different orientations leaves of dongkui and biqi.4. SLW of biqi red bayberry is higher than dongkui. There are some correlations between SLW and daily average values of Pn. Contents of Chlorophyll a, b and total of biqi slightly higher than dongkui, while there is no significant difference in Chlorophyll a/b of dongkui and biqi. These differences are not mainly reasons that cause difference in Pn of dongkui and biqi. The contents of soluble sugar, reducing sugar and starch of biqi red bayberry are higher than dongkui. There are some correlations among contents of soluble sugar, reducing sugar, starch and daily average values of Pn of dongkui and biqi.5. The stomatal densities of dongkui red bayberry leaves are less than biqi, while its stomatal length and width are larger than biqi. There are no significant differences in length/width ratio of stomata of dongkui and biqi. The differences of stomatal densities, stomatal length and width may cause the difference of Pn of dongkui and biqi. There are no significant difference among the thickness of leaf palisade tissue and spongy tissue, and the rate between palisade and spongy tissue of dongkui and biqi. These indicate that the anatomical structure of dongkui and biqi red bayberry leaves may have no obvious influence on their photosynthesis.更多还原