【作者】 刘小娟；

【导师】 吴开明；

【作者基本信息】 厦门大学 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 卢卡奇在《历史和阶级意识》一书中阐述的阶级意识理论,是对历史唯物主义作出的重大贡献。在马克思主义发展史上,卢卡奇首次用总体性辩证法对阶级意识进行全面考察。这种对阶级意识的分析考察不仅表明卢卡奇从独特视角解读了马克思主义哲学,更表明他试图对当时的无产阶级革命提供理论指导。本文拟从五个方面对卢卡奇的阶级意识理论进行阐述:第一,从分析总体性思想入手,阐明总体性思想的来源和原则,指明作为方法论的总体性对分析阶级意识的重要性;第二,对阶级意识的内涵进行分析,指出阶级意识是超越直接性的对社会总体的认识,并使之与经济意识、个体意识区分开来;第三,对阶级意识进行历史性分析,从总体性角度揭示前资本主义社会的亚阶级意识、资产阶级阶级意识的虚假性、虚伪性和内在矛盾的不可克服性,从而引出无产阶级阶级意识的历史性产生问题;第四,指明与资产阶级相比无产阶级具有先天优势,其能够在克服物化意识的基础上达到自觉意识,使阶级意识成为革命实践的武器;第五,结合时代背景对阶级意识理论的优缺点和现实价值作评价,全面理解卢卡奇回归马克思主义的理论的实质,认清他对第二国际错误思潮批判的意图,最终为我国当前的社会主义和谐社会建设提供理论支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 In History and Class Consciousness, Lucacs expounds the theory of class consciousness, which is an important contribution to historical materialism. In the history of the development of Marxism, Lucacs emphasizes the dialectic of totality thought for the first time. The analysis of class consciousness not only interpretates Marxism philosophy in a unique angle, but also indicates that Lucacs tries to provide theoretical guidance to proletariat at that time.In this paper, the theory of class consciousness of Lucacs will be explored, which includes five parts: Firstly, I will analyze the concept of totality thought, illustrate its origin and principle, point out its importance to class consciousness as a method; Secondly, I will analyze the concept of class conscious and indicate that class consciousness is a cognition to whole society which transcends substantivity, then I will distinguish class consciousness from economic sense and individual consciousness; Thirdly, based on a historical analysis of class consciousness, I will point out the sub-class consciousness of pre-capitalist society, the falsity, hypocritical essence and the insurmountable of inherent contradictions of the bourgeois class consciousness from the viewpoint of totality thought, and then illustrate the historical problem of proletariat class consciousness; Fourthly, compared with the bourgeoisie, proletariat has natural advantages, because proletariat can obtain self-consciousness after overcoming reified consciousness, and then make class consciousness as a weapon of the practice of proletarian revolution; Fifthly, I will evaluate the theory itself and practical value of class consciousness combined with the background of the times, understand roundly the regression to the substance of Marxism theory, recognize the purpose of animadverting on the opportunism economical determinism, and finally provide the theoretical support to our current construction of harmonious socialist society.更多还原