【作者】 丁巧英；

【导师】 张幼珠；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 纺织材料与纺织品设计， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 真丝织物因其优良的服用性能而被人们喜爱,但其在紫外线照射、水分、氧气等外界环境的影响下会黄变脆化,影响其美观性和服用性。本论文选用无机紫外线屏蔽剂纳米TiO₂及其与稀土复配物整理真丝织物,改善其防紫外和防黄变功能。论文首先研究了分散剂种类、用量及溶液pH值对纳米TiO₂粉体分散性的影响。以沉降实验考察分散液的稳定性,以吸光度、粒径和TEM测试表征其分散效果。结果表明:当分散剂选聚丙烯酸钠,溶液pH值为6～7时所制得的分散液稳定性及分散效果最好,分散剂最佳用量为0.075g（纳米TiO₂粉体质量1.2g）。论文采用纳米TiO₂分散液及其与稀土复配液分别对真丝绸进行浸渍整理,采用正交实验、单因素实验等研究了各因素对真丝绸防紫外和防黄变效果的影响,得出较优整理工艺。纳米TiO₂整理绸较优工艺为:纳米TiO₂用量25g/L、浸渍温度30℃,浸渍时间40min;在相同的浸渍温度和时间下,稀土与纳米TiO₂复配整理绸的较优工艺为:纳米TiO₂用量25g/L、稀土用量4g/L、pH=5。经上述工艺整理后,纳米TiO₂整理绸和复配整理绸的UPF值分别达41.97和100.64,白度下降率为5.49%和2.8%,约为原样绸的1/2和1/4。可见整理绸具有优异的防紫外和防黄变功能,尤其是稀土/TiO₂复配绸,优于纳米TiO₂整理绸,更优于原样绸。本论文还对整理前后真丝绸的结构和性能做了比较,整理后织物结晶度下降,经向断裂强度稍有下降纬向则有所上升,经纬向断裂伸长率增大,手感变柔软,弹性回复能力、悬垂性和透气性变好。论文最后通过测量并比较纳米TiO₂粉体、稀土粉体和两者复配粉体以及各整理绸对紫外线的作用,初步探讨各粉体和整理绸的防紫外机理。结果表明:稀土粉体对紫外线具有很高的反射作用;纳米TiO₂粉体和复配粉体对紫外线以吸收为主,反射作用较小。稀土整理绸对紫外线具有一定的反射和吸收作用,但作用较小;纳米TiO₂整理绸对紫外线以吸收为主;稀土/TiO₂复配绸对紫外线的强吸收取决于纳米TiO₂对紫外线的吸收和稀土的促进作用,使其具有很低的紫外线透过率,紫外屏蔽性能最佳。更多还原

【Abstract】 Silk fabric is favored by people for its good wearing properties.However,silk fabric tends to be yellow and breakable under the circumstances of UV、moisture and Oxygen, affecting it’s wearing properties and beauty.The purpose of this thesis is to improve the anti-UV and anti-yellowing ability of silk fabric by UV-resistance functional finishing with UV blocking agents nano-TiO₂ and RE/nano-TiO₂ composite.The thesis studied the influence of dispersant’s category,dosage and pH value of solution to the dispersion property of nano-TiO₂.The stability of dispersed solution was characterized by using sedimentation volume experiment.The dispersion property of nano-TiO₂ was characterized by Laser Size Analyzer and TEM.The results showed that when pH value of solution was 6～7,PAAS had better dispersion property than other dispersants.The optimum amount of PAAS was 0.075 gram（the amount of nano-TiO₂ was 1.2g）.In the thesis,orthogonal experiments and single-factor experiments were adopted to study the anti-UV and anti-yellowing functional finishing of silk fabrics with nano-TiO₂ and RE/nano-TiO₂ composite and preferable finishing process were studied.The results showed that the preferable finishing conditions of finished silk fabrics with nano-TiO₂ were dosage of nano-TiO₂ 25g/L、dipping temperature 30℃and dipping time 40min.In the same dipping temperature and dipping time,the preferable finishing conditions of finished silk fabrics with RE/nano-TiO₂ composite were dosage of nano-TiO₂ 25g/L、dosage of rare earth 4g/L、pH value of solution 5.Finished at the preferable finishing conditions,UPF of silk fabrics respectively reached to 41.97 and 100.64,the decline ratios of whiteness of the finished silk fabrics are 5.49%and 2.8%respective,about one-fourth and half of the original silk fabrics.It was obvious that the anti-UV and anti-yellowing properties of the silk fabrics treated with RE/nano-TiO₂ composite were best,better than the other two finished silk fabrics.The thesis also compared structure and other properties of finished silks with the original silk fabrics.The crystallinity of finished silk fabrics descended.The breaking strength of warp slightly descended,while weft was opposite.The breaking elongation both of warp and weft increased.The handfeel,elastic restoring force, drapablility and permeability of the finished silk fabrics were better than the original silk fabrics.The thesis also tested and compared anti-UV property of the rare earth（RE）, nano-TiO₂ powder,RE/nano-TiO₂ composite and their finished silk fabrics in order to study their anti-UV mechanism.The results showed that rare earth powders have a high reflect effect on ultraviolet radiation.Nano-TiO₂ powder and RE/nano-TiO₂ composite powder had the good UV absorption property,and the smaller reflection.The finished silk fabrics with RE had both performance of reflect and absorb UV,but its UV shielding property was worse than the other two finished silk fabrics.The silk fabrics with nano-TiO₂ absorbed UV mainly.The finished silk fabrics with RE/nano-TiO₂ composite had strong absorption of UV radiation,which depended on the nano-TiO₂ for UV absorption and the catalytic role of rare earth,with very low UV transmittance and excellent UV shielding performance.更多还原