【作者】 张超；

【导师】 姜应和；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 市政工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 恶臭污染控制是环境领域极为关注的一个问题。相对于一般的空气污染控制,恶臭污染控制要求较高,难度较大。生物法除臭具有投资少,运行费用低的优势。相对于常规的技术,如吸收、吸附、焚烧等,生物技术更适宜处理浓度低、流量大的恶臭气体。而且,利用生物技术控制恶臭污染一般不会产生二次污染。生物处理技术主要包括生物滤池、生物滴滤池和生物洗涤塔等。城市污水处理厂的臭气处理是一个急需解决的问题,针对污水处理厂的具体情况,结合不同除臭工艺的特点,本论文利用固废塔与生物塔组合工艺处理污水处理厂产生的臭气。主要研究内容如下:1.研究温度对生物塔去除H₂S的影响,得到温度与去除率的关系;2.进行固废塔处理H₂S的生产性试验研究;3.进行固废塔处理NH₃的生产性试验研究;4.利用丙二醇溶液吸收甲硫醇的试验研究,探索其它去除挥发性有机物的方法。获得如下主要结论:1.在一定的塔内温度范围内,温度越高,生物滤塔对致臭物质的去除率越高,去除率与温度的关系满足η₁=η₂·θ^T₁-T₂,对致臭物质H₂S而言,θ=1.016。若空塔停留时间t=16.2 s、生物滤塔H₂S容积负荷为2.22g/（m³填料·h）,当塔内温度大于等于13℃时,出气浓度中的H₂S浓度可达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》的一级标准;若塔内温度小于13℃,必须加热方可达标。2.粉煤灰砖碎块（FABS）对H₂S的去除效果非常显著。在d=2cm、Q=700m³/h和Q=1000m³/h与d=4cm,Q=1000m³/h时,对高浓度进气,大部分去除率在20%以上;对低浓度进气时,FABS对H₂S的去除与释放不明显。通过对FABS去除H₂S的机理研究,分析得出FABS去除H₂S是通过物理吸附与化学作用的共同结果,但主要通过物理吸附,少量H₂S与FABS中组成物质发生化学反应。3.FABS去除NH₃效果不明显,释放现象表现很明显。FABS去除高浓度NH₃时,运行初一段时间去除率为正,高达27%,随着高浓度NH₃继续通入,出现部分负去除,去除效果不稳定;FABS去除低浓度NH₃时,去除效果更不稳定,大多数为释放。FABS在吸收部分臭气NH₃后,停止通NH₃,在臭气NH₃进气浓度为1mg/m³左右时,去除率均在-55%左右波动,释放现象表现很明显。结合固废塔处理H₂S试验研究结果可知,固废塔对生物塔可起到部分去除与缓冲作用。4.利用丙二醇吸收液处理甲硫醇的试验结果表明:丙二醇吸收液能吸收部分甲硫醇,但出气未能达到国家一级排放标准。更多还原

【Abstract】 The need to control and treat Odor pollution has become an urgent environmental concern.Odor control is often more difficult than normal air pollution control.Biological technologies are cost effective and have no secondary pollution.Compared with the current control technologies（e.g,absorption,adsorption and incineration）,biological technogies are in favor of treating Odor gases with low concentrations and high flux.The major air-phase biological reactors are biofilters,biotrickling filters and bioscrubbers.There are many problems about Odor pollution of Wastewater Treatment Plants.The odor treatment study has become an urgent subject.This dissertation uses the combined process of solid waste-filter and bio-filter to treat the odor in the sewage treatment,reviews the characteristic about every deodorization technique.We had mainly carried on the below research work:1.Studied of temperature on the biological effects of bio-filter to remove H₂S,and got the relationship between temperature and removal;2.Carried on full-scale experiment to treat H₂S with solid waste-filter;3.Carried on full-scale experiment to treat NH₃ with solid waste-filter;4.Carried on experiment to absorb methyl mercaptan with propylene glycol and Explored other methods to remove volatile organic compounds.The following main conclusions have been obtained:1.In a certain temperature range,the higher the temperature,the higher removal rate with bio-filter.The relationship between removal rate and temperature isη₁=η₂·θ^T₁-T₂.For H₂S,θ=1.016.If the resident time is great the 16.2 s and remove load of volume is less than 2.22 g/（m³ filter·h） and the temperature is great 13℃,the H₂S concentration in outlet can meet the first class discharge standard.In the other word,if the temperature is below 13℃,the inlet gas have to be heated so that the outlet gas can meet the discharge standard.2.Removing H₂S with silid waster-filter is very obvious.When d=2cm,Q=700 m³/h and Q=1000m³/h or d=4cm,Q=1000m³/h,the mass of removal rate reach to 20% as the inlet concentration is very high.The removal and release of H₂S is not obvious as the inlet concentration is very low.Through the mechanism of removal of H₂S used FABS,we have to come that the removal is partly through physical adsorption and the other through chemical reaction.3.Removing NH₃ with silid waster-filter is not obvious,but releasing is very obvious.When FABS remove high concentration of NH₃,the removal operation for the beginning of a period of time is as high as 27%.With the high concentration of NH₃ to continue to access,There is a negative part of the removal rate and removal efficiency of instability.When FABS is used to remove low concentration of NH₃,The majority of NH₃ is released.When FABS has been used to remove some NH₃ and when the inlet concentration of NH₃ is about 1 mg/m³,the removal rate is probably around -55%and the phenomenon of release is very obvious.Combination of solid waster-filter to deal with H₂S,we come to the conclusion that solid waster-filter can play some role in the removal and buffer for bio-filter.4.The results of absorbing CH₃SH with propylene glycol show that:Propylene glycol can absorb part of CH₃SH.Unsatisfactorily,the outlet concentration fails to meet the national level outlet discharge standards.更多还原