【作者】 邵慧；

【导师】 张浩；

【作者基本信息】 西安电子科技大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 MIMO雷达的灵感来自于无线通信中的MIMO技术,它在发射端和接收端都使用阵列天线,且发射相互正交的信号,可以取得空间分集增益,从而克服目标RCS闪烁,获得比传统雷达更好的性能。根据目前的研究,主要有三种形式的MIMO雷达:收发全分集的MIMO雷达、发射分集的MIMO雷达以及收发阵元间距都比较小的MIMO雷达。本论文详细介绍了这三种MIMO雷达的概念、模型,分别讨论了它们的目标检测、DOA估计和参数识别等方面的性能,并与传统的相控阵雷达做比较。论文的后半部分介绍了MIMO雷达的虚拟阵元和自适应处理方面的内容。MIMO雷达发射正交信号,产生虚拟阵元,扩大阵列孔径,这是MIMO雷达性能优于传统雷达的关键所在。为了产生更多的虚拟阵元,文章还讨论了MIMO雷达的布阵情况,针对一个具体线性阵列,分别用遗传算法和模拟退火算法对阵元的位置进行优化。由于发射正交信号,使得MIMO雷达的自适应处理成为可能,论文把CAPON,APES,CAPES三种自适应算法用于MIMO雷达,获得了更好的抗干扰性能和更高的谱分辨率。论文的最后一部分探讨了MIMO雷达的发射波形设计,普通的MIMO雷达发射全向信号,理论和实验证明,通过把发射信号的能量集中在目标附近,可以获得更好的分辨率。更多还原

【Abstract】 The inspiration of MIMO radar comes from the MIMO technique of wireless communication, it uses array antenna both in transmit and receive terminals, transmits orthogonal signals and obtains spatial diversity gain, so it can overcome target RCS scintillations, and has a better performance than traditional radar. There exists three kind of MIMO radar: transmit-receive diversity MIMO radar, transmit diversity MIMO radar, and closely spaced MIMO radar at both transmit and receive terminals. This article introduces these three radars in detail, discusses their capacities such as target detection, DOA estimation, and parameter identification. As a comparison, the article also gives the performance of phased array radar. In the latter part of the article, the author leads out the concept of virtual array elements and adaptive processing of MIMO radar. Transmitting orthogonal signals, MIMO radar produces virtual elements and expends array aperture, this is the key factor that MIMO radar has a better performance. In order to produce more virtual array elements, the papar also did a research on the locating the array elements using genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm. What’s more, adaptive techniques is applicable to MIMO radar, the article mentioned three adaptive techniques: CAPON, APES and CAPES. In return, MIMO radar get a better anti-jamming capacity and a higher spectrum resolution. The last part of the paper is the design of the transmit waveform, the common MIMO radar transmits omnidirectional signals, while both theory and experimental proved that a better resolution can be achieved through focusing the transmit power on the interested location.更多还原