【作者】 高自理；

【导师】 饶云刚；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 结构工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 如何解决地基不均匀沉降对上部结构产生的过大变形、裂缝、倾斜甚至倒塌等不利影响是工程建设和地基基础科学面临的重大问题。本文研究建筑结构地基不均匀沉降的关键成因、对上部结构的影响以及可以采取的控制措施,不但在科学上有重要的理论意义,而且具有重大的王程应用价值。1、综述了建筑结构地基不均匀沉降的危害、国内外关于不均匀沉降及其控制的研究现状和进展。分析了引起地基不均匀沉降的关键因素,这些因素是为不均匀沉降的控制措施和方法的提出提供依据。2、考虑结构刚度形成模式时地基基础不均匀沉降对上部框架结构的影响研究。本文以一单跨四层框架为例,应用结构分析软件SATWE,研究了地基基础不均匀沉降对上部结构内力和变形的影响。通过两种不同的结构刚度形成模型的分析,表明地基基础不均匀沉降因结构刚度形成方式的不同,其对上部结构的内力影响会有很大的不同,特别是沉降点附近的柱轴力差别较大,考虑结构刚度一次形成得出的计算结果比刚度分层形成得出的结果要大;局部不均匀沉降对附近楼层、周围构件影响比较大,对其他楼层、其他构件影响较小。3、地基基础不均匀沉降的不同作用方式对上部框架结构的影响研究。本文以一个多跨四层框架为例,应用结构分析软件SATWE,研究了几种典型的地基不均匀沉降方式对上部结构的影响,通过这几种不均匀沉降作用方式的影响分析,表明它们的影响结果差异比较大,对比可以看出:结构整体倾斜对上部结构产生的内力影响最小,而局部沉降对其周围的构件的影响最大,所以在进行结构基础设计时应尽量设计成整体基础,使结构即使在出现不均匀沉降时将更易趋向于整体倾斜,达到消弱不均匀沉降的影响。应尽量避免出现局部沉降或在可能出现局部沉降的地方加强该处构件。4、阐述了一些关于监测理论方面的知识,并以武汉市某单位业务科技楼为例,说明对该工程相应的监测方法、监测过程及监测结果,通过对该工程的不均匀沉降的影响分析,表明与前面的分析结果基本符合。5、地基基础不均匀沉降的控制方法研究。从建筑、结构和施工等几个方面来提出了关于控制不均匀沉降的方法和措施,其主要都是从不均匀沉降产生的根本原因出发提出的针对性的解决方案,而且都是以预防为主,事后处理为辅的方法。这些方法和措施为今后结构设计与施工提供了一些参考意见。更多还原

【Abstract】 A big problem faced by the construction work and foundation engineering is to find a way to get rid of the bad influences the diffrential settlement has enforced on the superstructure , such as big deformation , crack and etc . It not only means a lot to the scientific theory , but also has has practical value in the construction field to explore the cause of subgrade diffrential settlement , the influence diffrential settlement caused to the superstructure and the method to eliminate the bad effects .1、It is summarized in this paper the harm caused by subgrade diffrential settlement to the construction structure, the present researching and controlling situation and progress concerning the diffrential settlement both in domestic and foreign countries .Analyzed key factors that have caused the ground differential settlement,These factors are the basis of the differential settlement regulatory measures and the method proposed.2、Considering the forming pattern of the structure rigidity, it is analised in the thesis the impact of subgrade diffrential settlement caused to superstructure.This thesis alsotakes a list cross four frame as an example,Applymg structure analysis software—SATWE,having studied the influence of endogenic force and distortion of the superstructure caused by ground differential settlement, through the analysis of two kind of models of different structure rigidities forming, it indicates the superstructure’s endogenic force influence have the very big difference because of the structure different rigidity mode of formation,Specially the axis strength nearby subsidence has the big difference,the result of calculation of once forming of structural rigidity is bigger than it of hierarchically forming of rigidity; The impact of partial differential settlement is great to the nearby floor and the component around,To others,the influence is small.3、Different ways of subgrade diffrential settlement and their impact are also studied . This text take one multispan frame of four layers as the example,that studies the influence of endogenic force and distortion of the superstructure caused by ground foundation differential settlement, by analyzing the impact of these ways,it indicates that the difference of their influence result is great.By contrast it indicates that the influence of structure leaning to superstructrue is least,that of partial diffrential settlement is biggest,so partial diffrential settlement of structure must be avoided.4、It is alsoexplained in the paper some knowledge about theory of monitoring,and a scientific and technological mansionr is taken as an example,explaining this monitoring method to this project and the course and the result of monitor.Through the influence analysis of diffrential settlement to this project,it indicates that it basically accords with the preceding analysis result.5、The controlling method of subgrade diffrential settlement is studied. From several respects such as the building, structure and constructing etc,this thesis have put forward it about controlling method and measure to subgrade diffrential settlement,that are solution of pertinence.they have mainly function of preventing diffrential settlement.These methods and measures have offered some reference suggestions for structural design and construction in the future.更多还原