【作者】 吴建强；

【导师】 宫能平；

【作者基本信息】 安徽理工大学 ， 工程力学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对岩体应力测试方法——控制致裂法进行了系统的研究,同时,也探讨了巷道围岩应力测试结果与有限元ABAQUS模拟结果的比较,取得了一些有用的测试和分析结果。控制致裂法的实质是:运用某种控制致裂技术将岩体分别沿二至三个预定方向致裂,再根据各次加压致裂过程的峰值压力(即破裂压力)与岩体应力之间的既定关系求出最大主应力、最小主应力和他们的方向。本文运用的控制致裂技术主要是在巷道的岩体中打两个相互平行的钻孔,然后向这两个测试钻孔用液体同时加压直至岩体沿连接两孔轴线方向破裂,并与用有限元软件模拟的结果进行比较。本文介绍了控制致裂的机理、岩体致裂形态、控制致裂岩体应力测试的理论基础。总之,控制致裂法是在水压致裂法基础上发展起来的一种岩体应力测试的直接法,它避免了使用难于确定的关闭压力,而仅利用破裂压力来确定岩体应力。事实表明,该方法具有简便、可靠、快速、低耗的优点。同时,本文还提出了平行钻孔——套筒致裂法,实践表明:这种方法可以有效地减小测试中所需的破裂压力,尤其适合在高应力区中使用。本文用有限元软件模拟了两个平行钻孔在不同内压作用下,不同孔距作用下的应力,塑性区的分布情况等。并将该结果与理论分析和模拟试验得出的结果进行比较,得到较好的一致性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper a new rock mass stresses measurement method which is named the Controlled Fracturing Method CFM) is studied systematically. The method to calculate the original rockmass stresses is also discussed, and the rusult compare to ABAQUS. Some useful measured and analyzed results are obtained.Essentially the new technique invoves using some technique to frature the rock mass in two or three pre-determined diretions.Then,in the light of the inherent relationship between each peak pressure (or the breakdown pressure) and the rock mass stresses,the maximum and the minimum principal stresses ,together with their respective directions,are obtained. In the controlled fracturing technique two parallel holes are drilled, into which hydraulic pressure is axes of the two holes. Presented in this paper are the mechanism governing controlled fracturing ,the morphology of rock fractures, theoretical basis for stress measurement bu the CFM, and engineering cases to which this technique is applied . In short ,the CFM is a development of the hydraulic fracturing technique over conventional stress measurement methods,this method has such advantages as being easuier and quicker to operate and requiring simpler and cheaper apparatuses. Moreover the parallel boreholes -sleeve fracturing technique for rockmass measurement is presented. This method if specially suitable for problem of high rock stress measurement . Finally ,the practial theories of calculating on original rockmass stresses form surrounding rock stresses which can be directly measured are proposed.更多还原