【作者】 张全川；

【导师】 李文；

【作者基本信息】 大连交通大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着工业自动化的发展,人们对电机控制系统的性能要求越来越高。矢量控制、直接转矩控制等先进的控制理论不断提出,而微处理器和控制器的更新换代特别是数字信号处理器(DSP)的出现,使得理论成为实践。但是,当人们在追求性能与成本、实用与安全的时候会发现,成熟的变频调速技术仍然是作为首选。智能化功率模块(IPM)和空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)技术的出现,极大地改善了电机的控制性能,保证了传统变频调速技术在世界工业特别是发展中国家工业控制中的广泛应用。因此,在这个科技理论与电子器件日新月异的今天,如何接受并应用它们来实现电机调速,如何使它们在实际应用中更实用、更安全、更节约成本等方面都是值得关注与研究的问题。本文就是针对上述问题应用功能强大的DSP、智能化的IPM和先进的SVPWM技术实现交流异步电机的变频调速。详细介绍了基于DSP的硬件控制平台的结构组成、设计过程以及理论依据和性能保障。分析了SVPWM技术原理、产生PWM波的控制算法和程序实现中的定标运算。运用传统PID控制技术和现代模糊智能控制技术分别进行了速度闭环控制系统的设计与实现,在DSP控制平台上对其控制性能进行了验证。最后,又从降低成本角度考虑,给出了一种新颖的电机控制技术——单片DSP的多电机控制技术,以单片DSP控制两台异步电机为例讲述了整个系统的设计过程;并通过实验验证了其切实可行性,为对于成本敏感或多电机应用场合提供了理想的解决方案。本文所有硬件电路设计和程序编写基于TMS320LF2407A。硬件电路中的数据采集电路、速度传感电路、单片DSP的双电机控制板、保护电路等主要部分都经过实际的焊制和调试。软件设计中的SVPWM程序、速度闭环程序、双电机控制程序等主要程序都是采用C语言和汇编语言套用格式,使用CCS(C2000)编译环境在DSP控制平台上进行过实际调试和验证。试验证明,闭环调速系统的超调量可控制在12%之内、稳态误差小于1.26%、上升时间不超过6.5s;单片DSP的双电机控制系统可实现电机1与电机2分别在150r/min～1400r/min和300r/min～2750r/min内同时自由控制。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of industrial automatization, people require higher capability to control system of electromotor. Advanced control theoretics forth develop, such as VC and DTC, microprocessor and controller are renovated, especially the appearance of DSP make them to become practice. But when people seek capability and cost, practicality and safety, they will find that ripe timing technology of frequency conversion is their primarily choose. Appearance of IPM and SVPWM improve the control capability of electromotor largely, and traditional timing technology of frequency conversion is pledged in industrial control of the world specially the developing country. Therefore, at the time of science and electro-apparatus changing with each passing day, how to imbibe and apply them achieve electromotor timing, and how to send them more practicality, safety, saving cost are worth paying attention and study in practical application.This paper namely aim at the problem and use powerful DSP, intellectualized IPM, advanced SVPWM to realize frequency conversion control of asynchronous electromotor. It introduce structure compose, design process, theoretics gist and performance guarantee of hardware flat roof based on DSP particularly. Analyzing the principle of SVPWM, control arithmetic of PWM and fixed-point operation of program realization. Handling PID and intellectualized control technology separately to realize closed loop system of speed, and the control capability is validated on the DSP flat roof. Finally, giving a kind of novel control technology from considering cost--- the control technology of many motors based on single DSP, and as the case of single DSP to control double asynchronous electromotor, narrating the design process of entire system; validating it is feasible by experiment, and providing the perfect resolve scheme to applicable occasion of sensitive cost and more motors.All hardware circuits and program compiling based on TMS320LF2407A. The circuits of data collection, speed sensor, control board of double motor based on single DSP, safeguard circuit in hardware pass through practical solder and debug. The program of SVPWM, speed closed loop and double motor control in software adopt C and assemble language fixed format, using CCS(C2000) translate and editor to progress debug and validate practically on DSP control flat roof. Experiment proving, exceeding adjust can less than 12%, steady error is 1.26%, risetime do not excess 6.5s of control system of closed loop; The control system of double motor based on single DSP can realize control freely in150r/min～1400r/min and 300r/min～2750r/min of the first motor and the second motor.更多还原