【作者】 赵磊；

【导师】 由世俊；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 冰蓄冷空调技术作为“削峰填谷”的有效措施和适应峰谷电价管理策略的一种技术,已经受到世界各国的重视并得到越来越广泛的推广。为了避免目前板式蓄冰设备中存在的载冷剂短路和换热效果受空气层影响严重等弊病,同时也为了丰富国内外冰蓄冷产品的形式,本课题组开发研制了新型立式封装板蓄冰设备。在这种蓄冰设备中,将冰板立式放置,板内空气层集中在上方的较小空间内,减少了空气层对设备换热效果的影响。本文针对前期设备开发及研究过程中存在的一些问题,对实验系统进行了改进,并在前期实验模拟研究的基础上沿用其数学模型及求解方法对改进后的实验系统进行了模拟研究。主要研究内容包括:(1)针对前期实验当中所出现的蓄冰槽进口处载冷剂温度一直未能保持恒定,存在一定的波动范围的问题进行改进,采用了PLC自控系统进行控制;(2)沿用了前期建立的立式封装板蓄冰设备蓄冷及释冷过程数学模型,考虑了冰板内蓄冷剂沿板长方向的导热,并采用托马斯算法对其进行了求解;(3)改建了蓄冰系统实验台,并对改进后的立式封装板蓄冰设备进行了蓄冷及释冷性能实验测试,将实验测试结果与理论模拟结果进行了对比分析;对立式封装板蓄冰设备在不同进口载冷剂温度以及不同进口载冷剂流速下的蓄冷和释冷性能进行了理论模拟分析;(4)通过对此次采用圆柱形蓄冰罐测试所得出的数据进行分析,确定该蓄冷设备的各项主要技术指标(包括名义蓄冷量、贮槽体积、容器换热面积、蓄冷率以及释冷率等),并将其与该课题前期所采用的方形蓄冰槽所得出的蓄冰设备的主要技术指标进行分析比较,并比较两者的优缺点。可以看出,圆柱形蓄冰罐承压能力更大,更适用于较大的系统。研究结果表明:所开发的立式封装板蓄冰设备容器换热面积和贮槽体积均较小,分别为0.53m2/kWh和0.022m3/kWh,可有效降低容器材料的耗量,节省建筑空间;该蓄冰设备流动阻力约为0.015～0.017MPa左右;蓄冷温度约为-6℃;释冷温度约为4℃～8℃;平均蓄冷速率约为121.5kW,平均释冷速率约为194.4kW。研究成果为该新型立式封装板蓄冰设备在实际工程中的应用提供了较大的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The ice thermal storage technology, as a technology of shifting on-peak electricity loads to off-peak periods and adapting the on-peak and off-peak demand charges management, is more and more popular and attached importance by all the countries. In order to solve the problem of short-circuited of the coolant and disadvantageous effect on heat transfer from the inside air and moreover enrich the type of ice thermal storage products home and abroad, a novel vertical capsulated plate ice storage equipment was developed by our research group. In this kind of ice storage equipment, the ice board was laid vertically, and the air in it was gathered in the top small space, which can decrease the heat resistance and improve the heat transfer. To solve the problems found in the process of equipment development and research, the experiment system was improved and then it was simulated using the mathematical model and solution method based on the experimental simulation study before. The research works in this paper focus mainly on the following aspects:(1) PLC auto control system was used to solve the problem that the inlet and outlet coolant temperature cannot keep steady and have a fluctuate range;(2) Based on the mathematical model of ice freezing and ice thaw process of the vertical capsulated plate ice storage equipment set up before, it was calculated with Thomas calculation method, considering the conduction of the water along length direction of the plate;(3) The experiment stand of ice storage was rebuilt and the ice freezing and ice thaw characteristics of this improved vertical capsulated plate ice storage equipment were tested. The experiment result and simulation result were compared and analyzed; the ice freezing and ice thaw characteristics corresponding to different inlet coolant temperatures and different inlet coolant velocity of the vertical capsulated plate ice storage equipment were analyzed by simulation.(4) The data from the test of cylindrical ice storage equipment was analyzed to determine its main technical criteria, nominal storage capacity, storage volume, heat transfer area, ice freezing rate, ice thaw rate included, which are compared with those of rectangular ice storage equipment used by our research group before to find their advantages and disadvantages. It is obvious that the column ice storage equipment can undertake higher pressure and is available for larger system.The research results indicated that this vertical capsulated plate ice storage equipment has a smaller heat transfer area of 0.53m2/kWh and a smaller storage tank volume of 0.022m3/kWh and a flow resistance of about 0.015～0.017MPa and a ice freezing temperature of about -6℃; and a thaw temperature of about 4℃～8℃and a mean ice freezing rate of about 121.5kW and a mean ice thaw rate of about 194.4kW and it can reduce the consumption of material and save building space. The results are also of great referenced value for the application of this novel vertical capsulated plate ice storage equipment.更多还原