【作者】 王慧蕾；

【导师】 龙明华；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究针对无土栽培中低氧胁迫问题日益严重的现状,以低氧敏感型网纹甜瓜（Cucumis melo L.var retixculatus Nand.）品种西域1号为接穗,9个南瓜品种（黄金藤、甜神F₁、小拳王、国砧1号、壮士F₁、甬砧2号、圣砧1号、合亲砧、黑籽南瓜）、3个丝瓜品种（桂冠2号、本地无棱丝瓜、甜里香无棱丝瓜）、2个葫芦品种（南方葫芦和北方葫芦）、1个莆瓜品种（短身莆瓜）、1个西葫芦品种（早青F₁）和1个冬瓜品种（嘉良实心冬瓜）为砧木,比较不同砧木嫁接苗的亲和性和低氧耐性的差异,筛选出适宜无土栽培的耐低氧网纹甜瓜砧木品种,并从中选择两个耐性较强的砧木品种为试材,研究其耐低氧的生理特性。最后,本文还对双根靠接法在网纹甜瓜无十栽培中的可行性进行了初步探讨。主要研究结果如下:1、对17种网纹甜瓜嫁接植株的生长发育、产量和果实主要品质的调查结果表明:黄金藤、甬砧2号、壮士F₁、甜神F₁、合亲砧、圣砧1号和小拳王与西域1号网纹甜瓜的亲和性表现很好,其次为桂冠2号丝瓜、南方葫芦、本地无棱丝瓜、西葫芦、国砧1号;而北方葫芦、短身莆瓜、实心冬瓜、黑籽南瓜、甜里香无棱丝瓜则不适宜作西域1号网纹甜瓜砧木。2、以西域1号网纹甜瓜自根苗为对照,研究低氧胁迫下12种亲和性较好的砧木嫁接苗低氧耐性差异,结果表明:低氧胁迫下12种嫁接苗和自根苗网纹甜瓜植株的生长和叶绿素含量均受到不同程度的抑制,MDA含量提高。各砧木品种耐低氧性差异较大:其中桂冠2号丝瓜、黄金藤、壮士F₁等5个品种低氧耐性较强;甜神F₁、合亲砧等4个品种低氧耐性中等;小拳王、南方葫芦等3个品种低氧耐性最弱。3、选用低氧耐性较强的黄金藤南瓜和桂冠2号丝瓜为试材研究嫁接苗耐低氧的生理特性。研究结果证实:低氧胁迫下,南瓜和丝瓜两种嫁接苗根系和叶片MDA含量和电解质渗透率明显低于自根苗;而脯氨酸含量、SOD、POD和CAT活性明显高于自根苗;两种砧木嫁接苗之间各指标也有一定的差异。另外,根系和叶片对低氧胁迫的反应也存在一定的差异。4、以西域1号网纹甜瓜为接穗与黄金藤、壮士F₁和桂冠2号丝瓜分别采用插接和双根靠接两种方式嫁接,比较两种嫁接方式对网纹甜瓜生长发育的影响。结果表明:两种嫁接方法对网纹甜瓜嫁接成活率无显著影响;除了桂冠2号丝瓜插接苗外,其他各处理的平均单果重均显著高于自根苗对照。3种砧木采用双根靠接法嫁接的网纹甜瓜果实都保持了自根苗的形态、口感和品质,其中黄金藤和壮士F₁双根靠接苗甚至还能改善品质。5、通过嫁接试验及耐低氧机理研究和果实品质分析,结果表明黄金藤南瓜最适宜作网纹甜瓜无土栽培的耐低氧砧木。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aiming at the problem of hypoxic stress becoming increasingly serious in soilless cultivation,the experiment used hypoxia-sensitive Xiyu-1 muskmelon（Cucumis melo L.var.raticulalus Naud）as scion,9 pumpkin （Cucurbita moschata L.）varieties（Huangjinteng,TianshenF₁,Xiaoquanwang, Guozhen-1,ZhuangshiF₁,Yongzhen-2,Shengzhen-1,Heqinzhen,Figleaf gourd）,3 luffa（Luffa cylindrical L.Roem.）varieties（Guiguan-2,Local luffa,Sweet and fragrant）,2 gourd（Lagenaria siceraria sttandl cv.）varieties （Northern and Southern）,Short-body PuGua,ZaoqingF1 summer squash（Cucurbita pepo L.）and Jialiang solid,wax gourd（Benincasa hispida Cogn.）as rootstocks,to compare the compatibility and hypoxia tolerance of grafted muskmelons on different rootstocks and select hypoxic-tolerant stocks suit for muskmelon soilless culture;And two endurance rootstock cultivars to root-zone hypoxia stress were adopted to research the physiological characteristics.Finally,the feasibility of double-root grafting was elementarily explored in muskmelon soilless cultivation.The main results were as follows: 1、The growth and development of plant,yield and fruit quality were investigated.The results showed that:Huangjinteng,Yongzhen-2,ZhuangshiF₁, TianshenF₁,Heqinzhen,Shengzhen-1,Xiaoquanwang were best,followed by Guiguan-2,South hyacinth etc.,but North hyacinth,Shixin wax gourd, Aishen gourd etc.weren’t suited for rootstock for Xiyu-1 muskmelon.2、Using Xiyu-1 as control,the hypoxia tolerance of 12 kinds of grafted seedlings was sed under hypoxia stress.The results showed that the growth and chlorophyll content of 12 grafted seedlings and self-rooteded seedling were subjected to different levels of restraint,the MDA content were enhanced.Different stocks had varying hypoxic-tolerant ability:the hypoxic tolerant of Guiguan-2 Luffa and Huangjinteng pumpkin etc.were the highest, TianshenF₁ pumpkin and Heqin pumpkin etc.were the secondary, Xiaoquanwang pumpkin and Nanfang Hyacinth etc.were the lowest.3、The physiological characteristics of hypoxic-tolerance was studied using Huangjinteng pumpkin and Guiguan-2 towel gourd as material.The results showed that:the malondialehyele（MDA）content and electrolytic leakage（%）in the roots and leaves of grafted seedlings were lower,the praline content and activity of antioxidant enzymes such as supreoxide dismutase（SOD）,peroxidase（POD）,catalase（CAT）in the roots and leaves of grafted seedlings were higher under hypoxia stress.There was a considerable difference of hypoxia tolerance between the two grafted muskmelon seedlings. In addition,the response to hypoxia stress of roots and leaves had some differences.4、Huangjinteng pumpkin,ZhuangshiF₁ pumpkin and Guiguan-2 towel gourd as rootstocks,Xiyu-1（CK）as scions and two grafting methods have been used to study the effects of two grafting methods on growth, development and fruit quality formation of grafted muskmelon in soilless cultivation.The results showed that the survival rate of grafting muskmelons had no significant difference between two grafting methods.The average fruit weight of Huangjinteng and ZhuangshiF₁ grafted seedlings were higher than self-rooted seedlings,the fruit shape and quality of 3 double-root grafted seedlings were similar with those in self-rooted seedlings,taste was improved.5、The rsults of grafting experimentation,analysis of fruits quality and study of hypoxia-tolerant mechanism indicated that Huangjinteng pumpkin was most suitable for muskmelon hypoxia-resistant rootstocks in muskmelon soilless cultivation.更多还原