【作者】 白刚；

【导师】 李仲阳；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 电路与系统， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 插补模块是数控系统的核心。随着现代数控技术的不断发展,插补算法不断成熟,类型众多。从产生的数学模型来分,有直线插补、二次曲线插补等;从输出的数值形式来分,有基准脉冲插补(又称脉冲增量插补)和数据采样插补。目前,参数曲线实时插补技术正在逐渐成为数控插补技术研究的一个热点。NURBS曲线是在实际中得到广泛应用的一种参数曲线,NURBS曲线插补功能已经成为当代CNC系统的重要功能之一。对于开放型机床数控系统的设计来说,目前重点的工作是如何选择合适的硬件系统实现实时插补。从而使得控制系统更稳定、插补运算更可靠、速度更快。目前一些数控插补使用单片机做控制芯片,受结构约束,运算速度不高,难以满足数控插补快速性的要求。DSP(数字信号处理器)芯片由于其特殊的硬件结构(哈佛结构、多总线技术、流水线指令结构、硬件乘法器),具有极高的运算能力(目前主流DSP芯片比16位单片机单指令执行时间快8倍到10倍,完成一次乘加运算则快16倍到30倍)。能够很好的满足插补运算的速度、精度要求。本文基于美国TI公司的主流DSP处理器TMS320LF2407A,进行数控插补算法实现技术研究。主要做了如下工作:1.对数控技术原理及插补算法进行了深入的研究,对目前数控插补的分类和发展现状有了较深入的了解。为下一步的算法选择和改进提供了基础。2.对DSP处理器进行了深入的研究,理解了DSP的结构原理知识并初步掌握了应用技术。选择适合电机控制的TMSLF2407A作为控制处理器芯片。3.围绕TMS320LF2407A选择其他外围芯片、步进电机及步进电机驱动器,构建硬件系统,对系统的性能作了分析。4.选择数字积分法作为要实现的数控算法,进行深入研究和学习。同时对目前应用逐渐广泛的非均匀有理B样条插补(NURBS插补)方法做初步研究学习。5.在硬件系统平台上,设计软件系统,分模块研究并设计软件系统。最后设计出DDA直线、圆弧插补的程序流程图,写出插补源程序。并尝试设计了NURBS插补程序流程图。更多还原

【Abstract】 Interpolation module is the core of the numerical control system. Along with the development of the modern numerical control technology, the interpolation algorithm is maturing and diversifying step by step. From the angle of mathematic model, it can be divided into straight line interpolation, conic interpolation and so on. And from the angel of output format of interpolation calculation, it can be divided into reference pulse interpolation (or pulse increment interpolation) and data sampling interpolation. At present, parameter curve real-time interpolation is gradually becoming a research hotspot of numerical control interpolation technology. The NURBS curve is a widely used parameter curve in practice. And the NURBS curve interpolation has become one of the most important functions in the modern CNC system.As for the design of open numerical control machine tool system, the priority job at present is how to choose a proper hardware system to interpolation. So that the control system could become more stable, and the interpolation algorithm would become more reliable and quicker. Nowadays, some numerical control interpolations using monolithic processor as controlling chip can not operate speedy because of the structural restriction, and can not satisfy the speed require of numerical control interpolation. DSP (the digital signal processor)chip, because of its special hardware structure (the Harvard structure, the multi-bus technology, the pipeline command structure, the Hardware multiplier), has high arithmetic capability (the single instruction execution time of current mainstream DSP chip is 8 to 10 times quicker than that of the 16-bit monolithic processor, and the time needed to perform a MAC is 16 to 30 times quicker), and can well satisfy the speed and accuracy require of interpolation arithmetic. Base on the mainstream DSP processor-TMS320LF2407 A of the TI company, the thesis uses the algorithm of numerical control interpolation to carry out technique research. Mainly performs the following operations:1、The thesis deeply study its for the principle of numerical control technology and the algorithm of interpolation. Thorough of comprehend for the classification and develop present condition of the modern numerical control interpolation. It provides the basis for algorithm of the following selection and improvement.2、It deeply study its for the DSP processor. Comprehend structural principle of DSP and master its applied technique. And selects proper motor control TMSLF2407A as control processor chip.3、Base on TMS320LF2407A to select other outer circle chip、stepper motor and the driver of stepper motor .The thesis also constructs the hardware system and analyses capability of the system.4、The thesis deeply researches and study its for the numerical integration interpolation algorithm as the required accomplishment numerical control algorithm. At the same time, it also studies for NURBS interpolation method which widely used step by step at present.5、The thesis has designed software systems and divided module research. And it given out the program flow chart of DDA straight line and the arc interpolation. The thesis also writes interpolation source program and tries to design the program flow chart of NURBS interpolation.更多还原