【作者】 王进锋；

【导师】 季君晖；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（理化技术研究所） ， 应用化学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)具有良好的生物降解性能、力学性能和生产加工性能,在包装、一次性餐具和生物医用材料方面得到了广泛的应用。但其维卡软化点在98℃左右,限制了它在需要在100℃及以上场合的应用,同时其弯曲模量也比较低,所制备的制品比较软,无法作为一次性筷子等刚性要求产品,使其应用受到较大的局限,因此本论文考虑通过制备聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)/蒙脱土(MMT)纳米复合材料的方法来提高PBS材料相应的性能,尽可能的扩大其的应用范围。论文主要内容如下:1、通过聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)和有机蒙脱土(OMMT)直接熔融插层,成功制备了一系列复合材料,对所得复合材料进行了SEM、XRD、Molau实验等分析,结果表明有机改性效果好的蒙脱土可以和PBS直接熔融插层制得纳米复合材料,而有机改性效果差的蒙脱土只能得到普通填充型复合材料。形成纳米复合材料时对材料各方面力学性能和维卡软化点的提高较普通填充材料都更加明显,并且其对材料冲击强度、弯曲强度、弹性模量和维卡软化点的提高随着OMMT含量的增加有一个先增加后减少的趋势,在3%时达到最大值。同时,所得复合材料的降解性能良好,并且随着加入蒙脱土含量的增加,复合材料的降解性能明显提高。在熔融插层时加入硅烷偶联剂可以显著提高蒙脱土和PBS基体间的相互作用,制得的材料基本为剥离型复合材料,其冲击强度、弯曲强度、弹性模量和维卡软化点较不加偶联剂的复合材料有明显的提高。2、首次采用原位插层聚合法制备了聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)/蒙脱土(MMT)纳米复合材料,重点考察了OMMT种类、添加量以及加入方法对复合材料的影响,得到了原位插层制备PBS/MMT纳米复合材料的最佳条件。按照最佳条件进行了中试放大试验,对所得复合材料进行了SEM、XRD和力学性能和维卡软化点的测试,结果表明蒙脱土在PBS基体中分散均匀,PBS较好的插入进了蒙脱土片层之间,得到的为纳米复合材料,与纯PBS相比所得复合材料的力学性能和维卡软化点都有较大的提高。对所得一系列复合材料进行了SEM、XRD、Molau实验等表征分析,结果表明所得复合材料的插层效果随着所加蒙脱土有机改性程度的提高而提高,所得复合材料的降解性能则随之呈下降趋势。3、综合直接熔融插层和原位插层聚合两种制备PBS/MMT纳米复合材料的方法可以看出,采用原位插层聚合法由于可以通过“一步法”直接得到复合材料,较熔融插层法省去了熔融加工的过程,同时得到的复合材料各方面性能也有明显的提高,因此应该是制备PBS/MMT纳米复合材料的最佳方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Poly(butylene succinate) is a biodegradable polyester that is attracting more and more attention because of its excellent mechanical properties and processability. It has a widely application in packaging, disposable tableware and biomedical materials. But its Vicat softening point is only 98℃, and its elasticity module is low too, all these things have limited its application greatly. In this paper, we prepared the Poly(butylene succinate)/Montmorillonite nanocomposite via direct melt intercalation and in-situ polymerization of PBS and organic montmorillonite.The main results of this work are summarized as follows:A series of Poly(butylene succinate)/Montmorillonite composites were successfully prepared via direct melt intercalation of PBS and organic montmorillonites. The composites were characterized with Gel Permeation Chromatography(GPC), X-rays Diffraction(XRD), Scanning Electronic Microscopy(SEM) , Molau experiment etc. The results reveale that the composites prepared with the OMMT that is organically modified well are nanocomposites, but these prepared with the bad organically modified OMMT are filled-in composites.For the nanocomposites, the improvement of mechanical properties and Vicat softening point is much higher compared with the filled-in composites. With the content of OMMT increasing, the improvement of mechanical properties and Vicat softening point increase at first then decrease, and reaches the maximum at 3% content. The composites have a well biodegradability, and with the content of OMMT increasing, the biodegradability is becoming better.Poly(butylene succinate)/Montmorillonite nanocomposite was prepared via in-situ polymerization with 1,4-butanediol , succinic acid and OMMT. The kind and content of OMMT, the method of adding OMMT were carefully studied. And we attained the best situation of in-situ polymerization. Then a pilot scale experiment was successfully processed by the best situation.The composites were characterized with GPC, XRD, SEM , Molau experiment and mechanical property and Vicat softening point tests etc. The results reveal that the composites of the pilot scale is a nanocomposite, the OMMT is nicely distributed within PBS matrix, the composites has a significantly increased interlayer distance, the mechanical properties and Vicat softening point are greatly increased in comparison with the pure PBS. With the organic modification of the OMMT becoming better, the intercalation of PBS matrix into the MMT layers increases, but the biodegradability of the composites decreases.From all the results above, we can conclude that the in-situ polymerization is better than the melt intercalation method because that the former don’t need the melt process after the polymerization, and the properties of the composite increase greatly compared with the pure PBS, so it should be the best method to prepare the PBS/MMT nanocomposite.更多还原