【作者】 王蕾；

【导师】 姚运萍；

【作者基本信息】 兰州理工大学 ， 测试计量技术及仪器， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着切削加工向着高速、高精度、高度自动化方向发展,对切削过程的监控技术也提出了越来越高的要求,而各种自动化机械加工设备与制造系统绝大多数并不具备加工过程的监控功能。为了使这些高度自动化加工设备充分发挥其优良性能,确保加工质量,提高生产效率,对刀具加工过程进行状态监测与控制就越来越重要。大量的研究结果表明,切削状态的每个微小变化都能通过切削力的变化反映出来。检测切削力是目前国内外研究与应用最多的监测方法之一,但这些方法在使用时或多或少地要改变机床的原有部件,影响机床的系统特性,并且在机械加工过程中,车削测力仪的应用最为广泛。针对这些问题,需要设计出一种外型尺寸和使用状态都类似于普通外圆车刀的车削测力仪。本文详细论述了车削力测量仪的总体设计过程,主要包括测力仪的外型整体结构设计、压电传感器的设计、软件部分的设计和外围设备的选用。该车削力测量仪与原有车削测力仪相比的突出特点是:它的外形接近一把普通的外圆车刀,可直接装夹在刀架上,与实际切削状态相同,能够实时显示切削过程中切削力的变化;通过理论计算分析,得出传感器的灵敏度、固有频率以及其它技术指标可以达到CERP—STCC规定的测力仪标准;而且结构简捷、调试方便、成本较低,不但适用于实验室,并且将适用于实际生产的测试与实时监控中。更多还原

【Abstract】 According as cutting process is developing to high speed, high precision and high automatization, more and more higher request was put forward for monitor of cutting process, but most kinds of automatization equipment manufacture system could not monitor. In order to exert good performance of high automatization equipment, ensure machining quality and improve manufacture efficiency, it is more important to monitor and control for state of tool machining process. A lot of investigations indicate that every small change of cutting state could be reflected via the change of cutting force. Measuring cutting force is one of the most common methods in domestic and external investigation. But parts of machine tool would be changed more or less using this measure, which would influence the characteristics of system, and in the course of machining, cutting dynamometer is most widely used. For these problems, a new type of cutting dynamometer should be designed, whose structure size and state of using are similar to general lathe tool.This thesis is focused on the course of designing the dynamometer on cutting force, which mainly includes the appearance overall structural design of dynamometer, the design of piezoelectric sensors, the software part of the design and the peripheral equipment selection. Compared with the originally possessed dynamometer sensor, it has several outstanding features as following: more similar to general lathe tool, could be installed on knife rest, same wit practice state of cutting and it is real-time display of the cutting process of cutting force changes; Through theoretical calculation and analysis, the sensitivity and natural frequency of the cutting dynamometer has reached the dynamometer standard stipulated by CERP-STCC. And the structure is simple, convenient for checkout and its production cost is low. So it could be used not only in laboratory but also in testing of practical production and real-time control.更多还原