防治艾滋病的道德环境研究

【作者】 李博；

【导师】 韩跃红；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 自从我国1985年发现第一例HIV携带者以来,艾滋病在我国迅速蔓延开来,虽然去年艾滋病疫情上升速度有所缓解,但我国艾滋病防治工作面临的形势仍然很严峻。据我国国务院防治艾滋病工作委员会办公室和联合国艾滋病中国专题组最新联合发布的《中国艾滋病防治联合评估报告(2007年)》表明,截至2007年底我国现存艾滋病病毒感染者和病人约70万,其中艾滋病病人8.5万人。更为严峻的是,在目前存活的70万感染者中,已经发现并报告的只有约22万例,也就是说,到目前为止有将近70%的感染者在哪里还不知道。面对如此严峻的形势,制定合乎伦理的防治艾滋病政策并切实有效的执行,使政策发挥出其预期的作用具有十分重要的现实意义。随着艾滋病在我国的蔓延,我国对艾滋病的认识和研究也日益深入,加上对国外成功防治艾滋病经验的借鉴,我国防治艾滋病政策经过不断调整,已经相对完善。然而,我国当前道德环境中存在诸多不利于防治艾滋病的意识、行为和规范等,如社会地位歧视、性别歧视、笑贫不笑娼、混乱的性道德观、一部分人职业道德水平低下、价值观错位、对艾滋病病毒感染者/病人的歧视和不公正对待等等,这些因素不但使一些政策难以落实到位,同时也增加了部分人群感染艾滋病的危险,严重影响着防治艾滋病工作的进程。本文正是从道德环境角度出发,对当前道德环境中不利于防治艾滋病的因素进行分析研究,并基于以人为本、生命至上、公正、宽容四个伦理理念,提出一些优化防治艾滋病道德环境的对策。从防治艾滋病的大局来看,制定良好的防治艾滋病政策是治标,构建良好的道德环境,改变人们不良的道德观念和道德行为则是治本,只有将两者相结合,两个方面共同进步,才能做到标本兼治,从根本上解决控制艾滋病蔓延的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the first HIV positive was discovered in our country in 1985, AIDS spread to open quickly in our country. Although the rate of climbing of the epidemic was relaxed in last year, but the situation which the work about HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment and care in our country faced is still very rigorous. According to A Joint Assessment of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Treatment and Care in China (2007) which State Council AIDS Working Committee Office and UN Theme Group on AIDS in China jointly issued most newly, the estimation results indicate that by the end of December 2007, the current HIV positives were approximately 700,000 in our country, in which the estimated number of AIDS cases is 85,000. More rigorous be, the HIV positives who have already discovered and reported in the current 700,000 HIV positives were only 220,000, in other words, there are nearly 70% of HIV positives not to know in where up till now. Facing the so rigorous situation, it is of momentous current significance that formulates HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment policies which conform to ethics, execute the policies practically and effectively, and enable the policies to play their anticipated role.Along with AIDS spread in our country, the understanding and research of AIDS in our country is thorough day by day, in addition to use the successful experience of the other country for reference, our country’s HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment policies have been already relatively consummated after a continual readjustment. However, there are some consciousnesses, behavior and standard etc, which do not favor the preventing and controlling AIDS in the current morals environment in our country, for example, the social position discrimination, the sex discrimination, smiles poor does not smile the prostitute, the chaotic sexual morality view, the occupational ethics level of some people is low, the idea of values is wrong, discrimination and unfairly treatment to the HIV positives/ AIDS patient and so on. These factors not only cause some policies to carry out the arriving with difficulty, simultaneously also increased the danger of the partial crowds to infect HIV, was seriously affecting the process of preventing and controlling AIDS work. This article just starts from the moral environment. It analyzes and researches the factors which do not favor the preventing and controlling AIDS in the current morals environment in our country, and based on humanist, life supreme, fair, tolerant, proposes some countermeasure to optimize the morals environment about preventing and controlling AIDS. Looked from the general situation of preventing and controlling AIDS that, formulating some good HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment policy is takes stopgap measures, constructing the good moral environment, changing the people harmful moral concept and moral behavior is effects a permanent cure. We only unify both, make the two aspects progress together, can achieve treats the symptoms and the causes, fundamentally solves the problem of controlling AIDS spread.更多还原