【作者】 陆俊伟；

【导师】 王明锁；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 民商法学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着现代科学技术和工业生产的不断发展,种类繁多、功能丰富的产品为人们的生活带来了极大的便利和舒适。然而因产品存在缺陷造成产品使用者及他人人身和财产损害的事例也层出不穷,产品责任纠纷不断增加。为此,欧、美等发达国家和地区纷纷针对产品责任问题开展专门立法,以加强生产者的责任,维护消费者、用户的合法权益,逐步形成了以严格责任为归责原则的产品责任法体系。我国亦先后制定了一系列关于产品责任的法律规范,《民法通则》、《产品质量法》和《消费者权益保护法》等架构起了产品责任法律制度的基本框架,一些单行的法律、法规以及最高人民法院的有关司法解释也对产品责任作出了相关规定。但是,在产品责任的损害赔偿方面,仍存在着诸多不足,比如人身损害赔偿的规定不明确、不全面;精神损害赔偿及惩罚性损害赔偿规定的欠缺等。本文除引言、结语外,正文由四部分组成。第一部分:产品责任损害赔偿概述。产品责任损害赔偿是指因产品存在缺陷,给使用产品的用户、消费者和第三人造成了人身伤害或财产损失后,缺陷产品的生产者、销售者应当依法承担的法律后果。产品的用户、消费者和第三人请求损害赔偿的范围包括人身伤害赔偿和惩罚性赔偿两个方面。其中,人身伤害赔偿应当提高赔偿数额;财产损害赔偿应规定赔偿的最低限额。第二部分:部分国家关于产品责任损害赔偿制度的立法现状。随着因缺陷产品造成产品使用人及他人人身和财产的事例不断增加,欧、美等发达国家纷纷作出了相关立法,并详细具体地规定了产品责任损害赔偿的认定范围、赔偿功能和赔偿数额。其中,认定范围包括物质损害赔偿、精神损害赔偿和惩罚性赔偿。第三部分:我国产品责任损害赔偿制度的立法和缺陷。目前,我国产品责任损害制度只对人身伤害和财产损失作出了赔偿规定,而无精神损害赔偿和惩罚性赔偿的相关规定。人身伤害和财产损失的赔偿只是一种事后的补救,产品责任损害赔偿制度应当具有一定的预防和惩戒作用。因此,我国产品责任损害赔偿制度主要存在三个方面的缺陷:产品责任损害赔偿体系不完善;人身伤害赔偿数额偏少;损害赔偿功能单一。第四部分:建立完善我国产品责任损害赔偿制度。结合国外一些国家对产品责任损害赔偿制度的立法规定,我国应当完善人身伤害、财产损失赔偿的认定范围和赔偿范围,建立精神损害和惩罚性赔偿制度。制定出预防、补救和惩罚为一体的产品责任损害赔偿制度。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous develop of science and industrial production, products of wide range and feature-rich has brought great convenience and comfort to people’s life. However, personal and property damage cases emerged one after another, due to the shortcomings in the products, made the product liability disputes continues increase. So, Europe and the United States and other developed counties made special litigations on the product liability issues, to strengthen the responsibility of producers and safeguard the consumers, gradually formed a strict duty attribution principle for the Product Liability Law System. China also has developed a series of product liability law and regulation,“General Principle of Civil Law”,”Product Quality Law”and“Consumer Protection Law”and other liability has structured a basic framework of the legal system, a number of separate laws and regulations and the relevant judicial interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court also made a related product liability provisions. However, there are still many inadequacies in product damages liability, such as the lack of provisions in personal injury compensation, the mental damage compensation, and the punitive compensation.In addition to the introduction and the conclusion, the paper is divided into four parts.Part one: overview on product liability damages. Product liability damages is due to the product flaws, after has made personal and property damage to the user of the product, the consumer and a third person, the producer, the seller should bear the legal consequences of the law. Product users, consumers and a third person has the right to ask damage compensate including personal damage compensation and punitive damages. Of these, personal injury compensation should increase the amount of compensation, property damages should provide compensation for the minimum limit. Part two: the legal status on product liability damages in some counties. Caused by the increasing examples of the use of products and personal and property damages, Europe, the United States and other developed countries have made the relevant legislation, specific and detailed the provisions of the scope of product liability damages, the function of compensation and the amount of compensation. Among them, including the scope of that material damages, moral damage compensation and the punitive damages.Part three: the legislative system and the shortcomings of China’s product liability damages. At present, China’s product liability damages has only made legislation on the personal injury and property damages compensation, but has no spirit damages and punitive damages of the relevant provisions. Personal injury and property damage compensation is only a remedy after the damage, but the product liability damages regime should also have a certain role in the prevention and punishment. Therefore, our country’s product liability damages system mainly has three areas of shortcomings: product liability damages system uncoordinated; personal injury compensation of low level; damage compensation for a single function.Part four: improvement of legislation system on the production liability damages. Together with some foreign countries’product liability damages for the legislative system, China should perfect the define scope and the compensation scope on personal injury and property damages compensation, establish the moral damages and the punitive compensation system. Develop the product liability damages system with the function of prevention, remedies and penalties together.更多还原