【作者】 王立云；

【导师】 王明锁；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 民商法学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 非婚同居作为一个社会问题,在人类历史的早期,就有法律对此进行调整。历史上较早的几部法典,如《汉谟拉比法典》、《摩奴法典》等对非婚同居问题都有涉及。早期法律对于非婚同居持普遍自由和宽容的态度。在宗教势力较强的中世纪,西方基督教国家普遍实行禁欲主义,对非婚同居的立法也随之严格。基督教为婚姻设计了“一男一女,一夫一妻,一心一意,一生一世”的原则;近代,随着西方的女权运动和20世纪60-70年代的“性革命”,非婚同居在西方发达国家呈蔓延趋势,由此也带来了一系列的社会问题。这促使各国改变传统做法,开始对非婚同居问题进行立法保护。随着改革开放给我国带来的经济,文化,社会贞操观念等变化,非婚同居这一社会现象在我国呈增加的趋势,主要表现为:性待业期延长、结婚率降低、离婚率增高,由此带来的法律纠纷也呈增长趋势。但是我国法律对此却没有相关规定。本文拟就非婚同居及其有关问题进行探讨,以期对我国相应制度的建立有所裨益。本文除引言、结语外,正文由四部分组成。第一部分:非婚同居概述。非婚同居是非婚姻关系同居的简称,是两个具有完全民事行为能力的异性或同性成年单身自然人,自愿、稳定、持续共同生活所形成的事实上的结合。非婚同居的性质同婚姻性质相似,具有身份性和契约性。第二部分:非婚同居的现状及成因。非婚同居家庭作为一种新型的婚姻家庭模式在西方一些国家已得到认可,我国改革开放后,特别是近年来非婚同居呈增加趋势。经济发展,东西方文化交流带来的社会观念变化及我国相关的法律政策是非婚同居增加的主要原因。第三部分:非婚同居的法律规制。早期关于非婚同居的立法,大多是在满足一定的条件后,对非婚同居关系进行追认,使其转变为合法的婚姻关系。西方中世纪随着宗教禁欲主义的增强,对非婚同居者的处罚也随之严厉。到上世纪60-70年代欧洲一些国家大量出现非婚同居现象,使西方这些国家改变传统做法,对非婚同居进行立法保护,其模式主要有登记伙伴的立法模式、同性婚姻立法模式等。目前,我国没有与非婚同居相关的法律规定,对非婚同居的调整主要是通过对事实婚姻的调整体现出来。第四部分:提出我国非婚同居的立法建议。非婚同居当事人之间虽然能根据同居事实在当事人之间产生一定的人身关系和财产关系,但同居关系毕竟不同与合法的婚姻关系,非婚同居当事人之间不能产生婚姻配偶之间所形成的人身关系。因此,只有在一定的条件下,如非婚同居满一定年限或者非婚同居者之间生有子女的情况下,非婚同居当事人间才能相互享有抚养权和继承权。非婚同居当事人的财产关系与合法婚姻的财产关系也有一定的区别,非婚同居当事人之间财产关系性质为合伙性质,合伙理论可以合理保护非婚同居当事人之间弱者一方的权益和第三人的利益。相对于婚姻,非婚同居当事人之间的关系较为松散,法律应允许非婚同居当事人自由决定何时终止这种关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a social problem,non-marital cohabitation is adjusted by early codes such as: "Hammurabi Code," "Mount Merino Code," Early legislations took a free and tolerant attitude towards non-marital cohabitation. At that time legislations only tried to legitimate marriage and family relations as a substitute for non-marital cohabitation in order to adjust the marriage and family relationship as a whole. In the Middle Ages religious forces was very strong, the Western Christian countries generally implemented abstinence, and their attitude towards non-marital cohabitation legislation was very strict. Christian marriage was designed for "a man and a woman, monogamy, wholeheartedly, life long"; in modern times, with the Western feminist movement, gender equality, and sex revolution in the 1960s and 1970s last century, non-marital cohabitation was wide spread in western countries .This also brought about a series of social problems, which led to changes in traditional practices, for the start of non-marital cohabitation legislation. With China’s reform and opening up to the economy, culture and social changes, such as the concept of purity, this social phenomenon of non-marital cohabitation in China showed an increasing trend, which includes: extending the period of sexual unemployment, lower rates of marriage, increasing divorce rate, The resultant legal dispute also showed a rising trend. However, the laws in our country have not relevant requirements. In this article, non-marital cohabitation with a view to the establish of a corresponding system is discussed.In addition to the introduction, and the conclusion, the paper is divided into four parts.Part I: Overview of non-marital cohabitation. Non-marital cohabitation is a short form of non-marriage cohabitation, two persons, heterosexual or homosexual, who have full civil capacity , voluntarily, stable and sustainable, live together .Research on the nature of non-marital cohabitation and non-marital cohabitation with the relevant distinction between the concept of cohabitation, non-marital family and the traditional family differences.Part II: The status of non-marital cohabitation and genesis. Non-marital cohabitation family as a new marriage and family patterns has become very common in some western countries. With the opening-up strategy, especially in recent years, non-marital cohabitation grows fast in China.Part III: Laws on non-marital cohabitation. History of non-marital cohabitation legislation. Outlines of non-marital cohabitation and provisions since the founding of PRC.Part IV: Proposals on China’s non-marital cohabitation legislation with some foreign countries legislation on non-marital cohabitation provisions from six areas :personal relationship between the non-marital cohabitation parties, property relations between the non-marital cohabitation parties, relationship between non-marital cohabitation parties and their children, non-marital cohabitation inheritance relationship between the non-marital cohabitation parties, non-marital cohabitation between the parties who are mutually dependent, proposal on the termination of non-marital cohabitation.更多还原