【作者】 王元园；

【导师】 韩宁；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 森林防火是对森林火灾的发生、发展所采取的各种预防和控制措施。森林火灾不仅烧毁大量林木,而且给人类生态环境造成严重危害,于国民经济带来很大损失,因此森林防火是保护森林、发展林业的一项经常性、重要性工作。在森林防火管理工作中推广视频监控技术,并结合数字云台的实时回传观测角度,可实现对森林火点的迅速、准确定位。这不仅提高了视频监控系统的智能化水平,还有助于森林防火扑救指挥决策。本文作者在北京林业大学2006年研究生自选课题基金的资助下,利用森林火灾视频监控信息开展了定位方法与实现手段的研究,具体内容和成果如下:⑴通过对国内森林防火视频监控系统亟需解决的定位问题研究,论述了基于组件GIS的林火自动定位技术的可行性(见第1章);⑵对林火定位技术中的双点定位、单点定位、多点定位方法进行了研究,利用地理空间信息将渐进穷举法应用于单点定位问题,同时也讨论了多点定位算法(见第2章);⑶针对妙峰山林场的实际地理需求,提出了基于组件GIS的森林防火视频监控自动定位系统的总体架构,并设计了空间数据库、逻辑数据库、物理数据库(见第4章);⑷制定了林火定位系统的数据库表结构,并在上述研究的基础上开发了林火监测定位软件(见第4章);⑸完成了林火监测定位系统软件调试,已实现妙峰山林场地理信息基础功能和森林火灾的双点定位、单点定位和火情态势标绘功能(见第5章)。综上所述,本论文创新使用渐进穷举算法于单点定位,自主开发了森林火灾视频监控系统中的林火定位子系统,该系统可根据单座数字云台回传的方位、俯仰角度(或两座数字云台回传的方位角度)数据,在电子地图上进行火点的自动标绘,为森林火灾扑救指挥提供了画龙点睛式的关键位置依据,推动了国内视频监控定位技术的进步。更多还原

【Abstract】 Forest fire prevention means taking various precautions and control measures for preventing forest fire. Forest fire not only can burn vast land of forest and doing serious harm to forestry and environment of forest regions, but also may cause heavy losses to the national economy.Therefore, forest fire prevention is a regular and essential job for forest protection and forestry development.The forest fire position will be located rapidly and accurately by widely using the video monitoring technology of forest fire prevention as well as the digital rotational station which returns the real-time observation angles.This technique not only improves the intelligence of video mornitoring system, but also is useful to the decision-making of forest fire prevention.This work was supported in part by the Graduate Student’s Optional Subject Fund of Beijing Forest University in 2006, some desiderated problems are studied and discussed in this paper. The main conclusions and achievements are as follows:⑴The feasibility of the automatic positioning techniques in forest fire video monitoring based on GIS was demonstrated by discussing the domestic positioning problems in video monitoring system which is urgent to be solved.(To see the 1st Chapter)⑵The double-point positioning, single-point positioning and multi-point positioning in locational techniques were studied in this paper, and progressive exhaustive method was applied to single-point positioning of forest fire prevention for the first time, meanwhile, the multi-point positioning was emphasized.(To see the 2nd Chapter)⑶According to the practical geographical requirements in Miaofengshan forest farm, the general frame of the forest fire video monitoring automatic positioning system based on GIS was put forward. Moreover, the spatial database,the logical database and the physical database were designed for the system.(To see the 4th Chapter)⑷Based on the established table structure of forest fire positioning system which has been designed, the software of forest fire monitoring positioning system was developed.(To see the 4th Chapter) ⑸The forest fire monitoring positioning system software debugging was completed, and the foundation function of geography information map, forest fire double-point localization function, single-point localization function and the fire situation plotting function were realized.(To see the 5th chapter)In brief,forest fire positioning subsystem in the forest fire video monitoring system was developed independently by the subject. According to the azimuth angle and the pitching angle returned by the digital rotational station, plot the fire point on the electronic map can be plotted automatically in this subsystem. Therefore, it provides the indispensable key location for forest fire protection, also one of the video monitoring system’s positioning techniques in China was spanned in this paper.更多还原